cardiac output

cardiac output
blood volume in liters pumped by the left ventricle of the heart per minute.

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      in human physiology, volume of blood expelled by either ventricle of the heart. It is customarily expressed as minute volume, or litres of blood per minute, calculated as the product of stroke volume (output of either ventricle per heartbeat) and the number of beats per minute. Maintaining and regulating cardiac output, which is usually proportional to the tissues' need for oxygen and other nutrients, is one of the circulatory system's most intricate functions. In the healthy human adult, resting (or basal) output is estimated to be slightly over five litres per minute. Normally, it decreases somewhat when a person changes from recumbent to upright position. It may be increased 50 to 100 percent by anxiety and excitement and as much as fivefold by exercise. Measurement of cardiac output, as first described by the German physiologist Adolf E. Fick in 1870, makes possible an evaluation of respiratory exchange, i.e., the delivery of oxygen to the tissues.

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Universalium. 2010.

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  • Cardiac output — (Q or or CO ) is the volume of blood being pumped by the heart, in particular by a left or right ventricle in the time interval of one minute. CO may be measured in many ways, for example dm3/min (1 dm3 equals 1000 cm3 or 1 litre). Q is… …   Wikipedia

  • Cardiac Output — Das Herzminutenvolumen (HMV) oder Herzzeitvolumen (HZV) ist das Volumen des Blutes, welches in einer Minute vom Herz durch den Blutkreislauf gepumpt wird. Das Herzminutenvolumen ist also ein Maß für die Pumpfunktion des Herzens. Das… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Cardiac output — The amount of blood that is pumped by the heart per minute. The amount of blood that is put out by the left ventricle of the heart in one contraction is called the stroke volume. The stroke volume multiplied by the heart rate is the cardiac… …   Medical dictionary

  • cardiac output — noun the amount of blood pumped out by the ventricles in a given period of time a resting adult has a cardiac output of about three quarts a minute • Hypernyms: ↑flow, ↑flow rate, ↑rate of flow * * * blood volume in liters pumped by the left… …   Useful english dictionary

  • cardiac output curve — a graphic representation of cardiac output as a function of atrial pressure; it is a measure of the pumping ability of the heart under specific conditions. See also Starling c. and venous return c …   Medical dictionary

  • Cardiac cycle — Cardiac events occurring in the cardiac cycle. Two complete cycles are illustrated. The cardiac cycle is a term referring to all or any of the events related to the flow or blood pressure that occurs from the beginning of one heartbeat to the… …   Wikipedia

  • Cardiac input — (CI) is the inverse operation of cardiac output (CO). Cardiac output implies ejection fraction. Ejection fraction is an easily understood and imaged mathematical model of systole. Ejection Fraction (EF) = End Systolic Volume (ESV) divided by End… …   Wikipedia

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  • Cardiac ventriculography — is a medical imaging test used to determine a patient s cardiac function in the right, or more typically, left ventricle. Cardiac ventriculography involves injecting contrast media into the heart s ventricle(s) to measure the volume of blood… …   Wikipedia

  • Cardiac index — (CI) is a vasodynamic parameter that relates the cardiac output (CO) to body surface area (BSA), thus relating heart performance to the size of the individual. The unit of measurement is litres per minute per square metre (l/min/m2). The index is …   Wikipedia

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