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Berry

Translation
Berry
/ber"ee/; for 2 also Fr. /be rddee"/, n.
1. Charles Edward Anderson ("Chuck"), born 1926, U.S. rock-'n'-roll singer, musician, and composer.
2. Also, Berri. a former province in central France.

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Historical region and former province, central France.

It was originally inhabited by the Bituriges Cubi, who opposed Vercingetorix. Under Roman rule it was part of Aquitania Prima. A countship in the Carolingian period, it fell to the French crown in the 11th century. When Aquitaine was acquired by Henry II of England, Berry became a matter of dispute between England and France. As a duchy, at one time it came under Jean de France, duke de Berry, an important patron of the arts. It returned to France in 1601 and remained a province until 1798.

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▪ historical region, France
      historical and cultural region encompassing the Indre and Cher départements in the Centre région of central France. It is coextensive with the former province of Berry, which included the départements of Cher (roughly corresponding to Upper Berry) and Indre (Lower Berry).

      The home of a people called the Bituriges Cubi in Roman times, the country later passed to the Visigoths (AD 475), the Franks (c. 507), and the Carolingians. The chief authority in Berry eventually passed to the viscounts of Bourges, who, while recognizing the royal suzerainty, preserved a certain independence until 1101, when the fief was sold to the crown. When Aquitaine was acquired by Henry II of England, Berry became a matter of dispute between England and France. After 1360 it was held as an appanage of the French crown, usually by a member of the royal family. Jean de France, duc de Berry (Berry, Jean de France, duc de) (1340–1416), was an important patron of the arts, for whom a number of famous illuminated manuscripts were produced (notably the Limburg brothers' Très Riches Heures du duc de Berry).

      In 1601 on the death of Henry III's widow, Louise of Lorraine, the country was finally reabsorbed into the royal domain. The title duc de Berry was subsequently granted to Louis XIV's grandson Charles (1686–1714) and to Louis XVI's nephew Charles-Ferdinand (1778–1820).

      Berry lies on the northern rim of the Massif Central. It has a mixture of agriculture that ranges from the intensive cultivation of cereals and oleaginous plants in the central zone between Bourges and Châteauroux, to the raising of beef, cattle, and goats (for the production of cheese) in the bocage areas of the south, and to viticulture around Sancerre. Industrial activity is equally varied and includes the manufacture of textiles, machines, armaments, and chemicals. Employment in service industries is important and expanding.

      The population is predominantly Roman Catholic, although there are small Calvinist parishes in Cher département, at Bourges and Sancerre. The population is largely of Celtic origin, but numerous immigrants from Poland, Italy, and Spain have been assimilated since 1950.

      The regional dialect is derived from French and closely resembles the dialects of Bourbonnais, which borders Berry to the east and Touraine to the west. The dialect of Berry is distinguished by numerous words of late Latin origin and continues to be spoken in Cher around Sancergues, Sancerre, and Sancoins and in Indre département near La Châtre. The Noëls berriauds (1898) and Bestiaire berrichon (1919) of Hughes Lapaire helped to revive the folkloric literature of Berry. Folkloric traditions show strong Celtic influences from Auvergne, Brittany, Scotland, and Ireland. La Borne in Cher and Verneuil-sur-Igneraie in Indre continue to produce traditional pottery.

      Regional cuisine is simple and relies on local produce. Dishes are usually cooked over a low fire. Soups of vegetables, pickled pork, or bread are simmered in a crock and served with cream. Poulet en barbouille is chicken cooked in brandy and served with a sauce made from blood, cream, yolk, and chopped liver. Wines from Quincy and Sancerre in Cher and Reuilly in Indre are produced from Sauvignon vines and have a flinty taste.

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Universalium. 2010.

  
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  • Berry — steht für: Berry (Familienname), der Familienname Berry Berry (Provinz), eine ehemalige Provinz in Frankreich Berry (Sängerin), eine französische Sängerin Canal de Berry, ein ehemaliger Schifffahrtskanal in Frankreich Berry der Plantagenbär, der… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • BERRY — Ancienne province du centre de la France, dont Bourges fut la capitale et qui a formé l’essentiel des départements du Cher (chef lieu: Bourges) et de l’Indre (chef lieu: Châteauroux). Riche en vestiges préhistoriques (mégalithes), le Berry entre… …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • Berry — I Berry   [bɛ ri], historische Provinz (Herzogtum) in Mittelfrankreich, auf der von Cher, Indre und Creuse zerschnittenen Jurakalktafel des südlichen Pariser Beckens. Kernlandschaft ist die Champagne berrichonne mit Getreideanbau, im Osten auch… …   Universal-Lexikon

  • Berry — Ber ry, n.; pl. {Berries}. [OE. berie, AS. berie, berige; akin to D. bes, G. beere, OS. and OHG. beri, Icel. ber, Sw. b[ a]r, Goth. basi, and perh. Skr. bhas to eat.] 1. Any small fleshy fruit, as the strawberry, mulberry, huckleberry, etc. [1913 …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • berry — 1. noun 1) ягода 2) икринка, зернышко икры 3) зерно (кофе, пшеницы ит. п.) 4) мясистый плод (помидор, банан и т. п.) 2. v. 1) приносить ягоды 2)собирать ягоды …   Англо-русский словарь Мюллера

  • Berry — Ber ry, v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Berried}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Berrying}.] To bear or produce berries. [1913 Webster] …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Berry — Ber ry, n. [AS. beorh. See {Barrow} a hill.] A mound; a hillock. W. Browne. [1913 Webster] …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • berry — 1> икринка, зернышко икры 2> зерно (кофе) 3> мясистый плод (томат, виноград, крыжовник) 4> ам. разг. доллар 5> приносить ягоды 6> собирать ягоды …   Новый большой англо-русский словарь

  • Berry — (Berri, Biturĭca), ehemal. Provinz im mittlern Frankreich (14.340 qkm), vom Cher durchflossen, Hauptstadt Bourges; bildet jetzt die Dep. Indre und Cher. Früher unter Grafen stehend, 1100 von Frankreich angekauft, 1360 zum Herzogtum erhoben als… …   Kleines Konversations-Lexikon

  • Berry — f English: from the vocabulary word (Old English berie). This is one of the less common of the names referring to flowers, fruit, and vegetation introduced to the English speaking world in the 20th century …   First names dictionary

  • Berry — Pour les articles homonymes, voir Noire du Berry et Berry (homonymie). Blason du Berry …   Wikipédia en Français

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