berkelium

berkelium
/beuhr kee"lee euhm/, n. Chem.
a transuranic element. Symbol: Bk; at. no.: 97; at. wt.: 249 (?).
[1945-50; named after BERKELEY, California, where it was discovered; see -IUM]

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 (Bk),  
 synthetic chemical element of the actinoid series of the periodic table, atomic number 97. Not occurring in nature, berkelium (as the isotope berkelium-243) was discovered in December 1949 by Stanley G. Thompson, Albert Ghiorso, and Glenn T. Seaborg at the University of California at Berkeley as a product resulting from the helium-ion bombardment of americium-241 (atomic number 95) in a 152-centimetre (60-inch) cyclotron. All berkelium isotopes are radioactive; berkelium-247 is the longest lived (1,400-year half-life). Berkelium-249 (314-day half-life) has been widely used in the chemical studies of the element because it can be produced in weighable amounts that are isotopically pure by nuclear reactions beginning with curium-244. Metallic berkelium has not yet been prepared, but it should be electropositive, reactive, and silver-coloured like the other actinide metals, with a specific gravity of about 14. Tracer chemical investigations have shown that berkelium exists in aqueous solutions in the +3 and +4 oxidation states, presumably as Bk3+ and Bk4+ ions. The solubility properties of berkelium in its two oxidation states are entirely analogous to those of the other actinoids and to the lanthanoid elements in the corresponding oxidation states. Solid compounds, including the oxides BkO2 and Bk2O3 and the chloride BkCl3, have been synthesized on the submicrogram scale.

atomic number
97
stablest isotope
247
oxidation states
+3, +4
electronic config.
[Rn]5f 86d17s2 or [Rn]5f 97s2

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Universalium. 2010.

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  • berkelium — er*ke li*um (b[ e]r*k[=e] l[ e]*[u^]m), n. [from the city of Berkeley, California, location of the University of California campus where it was discovered.] a chemical element of the transuranic series. Chemical symbol Bk; atomic number 97;… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

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  • berkelium — Symbol: Bk Atomic number: 97 Atomic weight: (247) Radioactive metallic transuranic element. Belongs to actinoid series. Eight known isotopes, the most common Bk 247, has a half life of 1.4*10^3 years. First produced by Glenn T. Seaborg and… …   Elements of periodic system

  • berkelium — ☆ berkelium [bʉrk′lē əm ] n. [ModL, after BERKELEY2, Calif. + IUM: so named by Glenn T. Seaborg, U.S. chemist and one of its discoverers, by analogy with TERBIUM] a radioactive, metallic chemical element, one of the actinides, initially produced… …   English World dictionary

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  • Berkelium — Bk redirects here. For other uses of the abbreviation, see BK (disambiguation). Berkelium (pronEng|bɚˈkiːliəm or IPA|/ˈbɝkliəm/ Fact|date=March 2008) is a synthetic element with the symbol Bk and atomic number 97. A radioactive metallic element… …   Wikipedia

  • Berkelium — Ber|ke|li|um 〈n.; s; unz.; Chem.; 〉 künstl. hergestelltes radioaktives chem. Element, Ordnungszahl 97 [nach der Stadt Berkeley in Kalifornien] * * * Ber|ke|li|um [nach dem Ort der erstmaligen Herst. Berkeley (California, USA); ↑ ium (1)], das; s; …   Universal-Lexikon

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