bhel-

bhel-
I. bhel-1
To shine, flash, burn; shining white and various bright colors.
Derivatives include blue, bleach, blind, blond, blanket, black, flagrant, and flame.
I. Suffixed full-grade form *bhel-o-.
1.
a. beluga, from Russian belyĭ, white;
b. Beltane, from Scottish Gaelic bealltainn, from Old Irish beltaine, “fire of Bel” (ten, tene, fire; see tep-), from Bel, name of a pagan Irish deity akin to the Gaulish divine name Belenos, from Celtic *bel-o-.
2. phalarope, from Greek phalaros, having a white spot.
II. Extended root *bhleə₁-, contracted to *bhlē-.
1. Suffixed form *bhlē-wo-. blue, from Old French bleu, blue, from Germanic *blēwaz, blue.
2. Suffixed zero-grade form *bhl̥ə-wo-. flavescent, flavo-; flavin, flavone, flavoprotein, from Latin flāvus, golden or reddish yellow.
III. Various extended Germanic forms.
1. bleach, from Old English blǣcan, to bleach, from Germanic *blaikjan, to make white.
2. bleak1, from Old Norse bleikr, shining, white, from Germanic *blaikaz, shining, white.
3. blitzkrieg, from Old High German blëcchazzen, to flash, lighten, from Germanic *blikkatjan.
4.
a. blaze1, from Old English blæse, torch, bright fire;
b. blesbok, from Middle Dutch bles, white spot;
c. blemish, from Old French ble(s)mir, to make pale. a-c all from Germanic *blas-, shining, white.
5.
b. blende, from Old High German blentan, to blind, deceive;
c. blend, from Old Norse blanda, to mix;
d. blond, from Old French blond, blond. a-d all from Germanic *blendaz, clouded, and *bland-, *bland-ja-, to mix, mingle (< “make cloudy”).
6.
a. blench1, from Old English blencan, to deceive;
b. blanch, blank, blanket; blancmange, from Old French blanc, white. Both a and b from Germanic *blenk-, *blank-, to shine, dazzle, blind.
7. blush, from Old English blyscan, to glow red, from Germanic *blisk-, to shine, burn.
IV. Extended root *bhleg-, to shine, flash, burn.
1. O-grade form bhlog-. black, from Old English blæc, black, from Germanic *blakaz, burned.
2. Zero-grade form *bhl̥g-.
a. fulgent, fulgurate; effulgent, foudroyant, refulgent, from Latin fulgēre, to flash, shine, and fulgur, lightning;
b. fulminate, from Latin fulmen (< *fulg-men), lightning, thunderbolt.
3.
a. flagrant; conflagrant, conflagration, deflagrate, from Latin flagrāre, to blaze;
b. chamise, flambé, flambeau, flamboyant, flame, flamingo, flammable; inflame, from Latin flamma (< *flag-ma), a flame.
4. phlegm, phlegmatic, Phlegethon, from Greek phlegein, to burn.
5. O-grade form *bhlog-. phlogiston, phlox; phlogopite, from Greek phlox, a flame, also a wallflower.
 
[Pokorny 1. bhel- 118, bheleg- 124, bhleu-(k)- 159.]
  II. bhel-2
To blow, swell; with derivatives referring to various round objects and to the notion of tumescent masculinity.
Derivatives include boulevard, boulder, phallus, balloon, ballot, and fool.
1. Zero-grade form bhl̥-.
a. bowl1, from Old English bolla, pot, bowl;
b. bole, from Old Norse bolr, tree trunk;
c. bulk, from Old Norse bulki, cargo (< “rolled-up load”);
d. rocambole, from Old High German bolla, ball;
e. boulevard, bulwark, from Middle High German bole, beam, plank;
f. boll, from Middle Dutch bolle, round object;
g. biltong, from Middle Dutch bille, buttock;
h. boulder, from a Scandinavian source akin to Swedish bullersten, “rounded stone,” boulder, from *buller-, “round object.” a-h all from Germanic *bul-.
2. Suffixed zero-grade form *bhl̥-n-.
a. bull1, from Old Norse boli, bull, from Germanic *bullōn-;
b. bullock, from Old English bulluc, bull, from Germanic *bulluka-;
c. phallus; ithyphallic, from Greek phallos, phallus;
d. possibly Latin fullō, a fuller: full2.
3. O-grade form *bhol-.
a. bollix, from Old English beallucas, testicles;
b. ball1, from Old English *beall, ball;
c. bilberry, probably from a Scandinavian source akin to Danish bolle, round roll;
d. balloon, ballot, ballottement, from Italian dialectal balla, ball;
e. pall-mall, from Italian palla, ball;
f. bale1, from Old French bale, rolled-up bundle. a-f all from Germanic *ball-.
4. Possibly suffixed o-grade form *bhol-to-.
a. bold, from Old English bald, beald, bold;
b. bawd, from Old Saxon bald, bold;
c. Balder, from Old Norse ballr, baldr, brave. a-c from Germanic *balthaz, bold.
5. Suffixed o-grade form *bhol-n-. fils2, follicle, folly, fool, from Latin follis, bellows, inflated ball.
6. Possibly Greek phal(l)aina, whale: baleen.
7. Conceivably from this root (but more likely unrelated) is Greek phellos, cork, cork oak: phellem; phelloderm, phellogen.
 
[Pokorny 3. bhel- 120.] The following derivatives of this root are entered separately: bhel-3, bhelgh-, bhleu-.
  III. bhel-3
To thrive, bloom. Possibly from bhel-2.
Derivatives include foliage, blossom, flora, bleed, bless, and blade.
I. Suffixed o-grade form *bhol-yo-, leaf.
II. Extended form *bhlē- (< *bhleə-).
1. O-grade form *bhlō-.
a. Suffixed form *bhlō-w-. blow3, from Old English blōwan, to flower, from Germanic *blō-w-;
b.
(i) bloom1, from Old Norse blōm, blōmi, flower, blossom;
(ii) bloom2, from Old English blōma, a hammered ingot of iron (semantic development obscure). Both (i) and (ii) from Germanic suffixed form *blō-mōn-;
c. blossom, from Old English blōstm, blōstma, flower, blossom, from Germanic suffixed form *blō-s-;
e. suffixed form *bhlō-to-, possibly in the meaning “swell, gush, spurt” in Germanic *blōdam, blood.
(i) blood, from Old English blōd, blood;
(ii) bleed, from Old English *blēdan, to bleed, from Germanic denominative *blōdjan;
(iii) bless, from Old English bloedsian, blētsian, to consecrate, from Germanic *blōdisōn, to treat or hallow with blood.
2. emblements, from Medieval Latin blādum, bladium, produce of the land, grain, from Germanic suffixed form *blē-da-.
3. Suffixed zero-grade form *bhlə-to-. blade, from Old English blæd, leaf, blade, from Germanic *bladaz.
 
[Pokorny 4. bhel- 122.]

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Universalium. 2010.

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  • bhel-6 —     bhel 6     English meaning: to sound, speak, onomatopoeic words     Deutsche Übersetzung: ‘schallen, reden, brũllen, bellen”; Schallwurzel     Material: O.Ind. bhaṣá ḥ “barking, baying” (*bhel s ), bhüṣ atē “talks, speaks, prattles”;… …   Proto-Indo-European etymological dictionary

  • bhel-2 —     bhel 2     English meaning: in names of henbane     Deutsche Übersetzung: in Bezeichnungen of Bilsenkrautes     Note: probably with bhel 1 identical     Material: Gaul. (Illyr. ?) belinuntia f., βελένιον n. “ hyoscyamus “, to names of Apollo… …   Proto-Indo-European etymological dictionary

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  • bhel-5 , mostly with -ĝ- (-k̂-): bhelǝĝ -, bhelǝ-n-ĝ-, bheleĝ-; bhl̥k̂- —     bhel 5 , mostly with ĝ ( k̂ ): bhelǝĝ , bhelǝ n ĝ , bheleĝ ; bhl̥k̂     English meaning: balk     Deutsche Übersetzung: “Bohle, Balken”     Material: Basic bhel in O.Ind. bhuríjüu Du.” arms, arms or shafts of the cart’s pole”; Gaul.… …   Proto-Indo-European etymological dictionary

  • bhel-1, bhelǝ- —     bhel 1, bhelǝ     English meaning: shining, white     Deutsche Übersetzung: “glänzend, weiß”, also von weißlichen Tieren, Pflanzen and Dingen, as Schuppen, Haut etc     Note: to bhü 1 standing in the same relationship, as stel to stü… …   Proto-Indo-European etymological dictionary

  • bhel-3, bhlē- —     bhel 3, bhlē     English meaning: to grow, spread, swell     Deutsche Übersetzung: “aufblasen, aufschwellen, sprudeln, strotzen”     Material: O.Ind. bhüṇ ḍ a n. “pot, pan, vessel” (*bhüln da?); after Thieme (ZDMG. 92, 47 f.) here Av.… …   Proto-Indo-European etymological dictionary

  • bhel-4 and bhlē-, bhlō-, bhlǝ- —     bhel 4 and bhlē , bhlō , bhlǝ     English meaning: leaf; bloom     Deutsche Übersetzung: “Blatt, Blũte, blũhen; ũppig sprießen”     Note: probably from bhel “to swell” in sense of “vegetable lushness “ and ‘swelling = bud”     Material: Gk …   Proto-Indo-European etymological dictionary

  • Bhel (tribe) — Bhel or Bheel or Bhil ( ur. بھیل) is a Sindhi tribe in Sindh, Pakistan …   Wikipedia

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  • BHEL — Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited Création 1962 …   Wikipédia en Français

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