Physical properties of selected alcohols

▪ Table

Physical properties of selected alcohols

IUPAC name common name formula mp (°C)

methanol methyl alcohol CH₃OH   −97

ethanol ethyl alcohol CH₃CH₂OH −114

1-propanol n-propyl alcohol CH₃CH₂CH₂OH −126

2-propanol isopropyl alcohol (CH₃)₂CHOH   −89

1-butanol n-butyl alcohol CH₃(CH₂)₃OH   −90

2-butanol sec-butyl alcohol (CH₃)CH(OH)CH₂CH₃ −114

2-methyl-1-propanol isobutyl alcohol (CH₃)₂CHCH₂OH −108

2-methyl-2-propanol t-butyl alcohol (CH₃)₃COH     25

1-pentanol n-pentyl alcohol CH₃(CH₂)₄OH   −79

3-methyl-1-butanol isopentyl alcohol (CH₃)₂CHCH₂CH₂OH −117

2,2-dimethyl-1-propanol neopentyl alcohol (CH₃)₃CCH₂OH     52

cyclopentanol cyclopentyl alcohol cyclo-C₅H₉OH   −19

1-hexanol n-hexanol CH₃(CH₂)₅OH   −52

cyclohexanol cyclohexyl alcohol cyclo-C₆H₁₁OH     25

1-heptanol n-heptyl alcohol CH₃(CH₂)₆OH   −34

1-octanol n-octyl alcohol CH₃(CH₂)₇OH   −16

1-nonanol n-nonyl alcohol CH₃(CH₂)₈OH     −6

1-decanol n-decyl alcohol CH₃(CH₂)₉OH       6

2-propen-1-ol allyl alcohol H₂C d;CH−CH₂OH −129

phenylmethanol benzyl alcohol Ph−CH₂OH*   −15

diphenylmethanol diphenylcarbinol Ph₂CHOH*     69

triphenylmethanol triphenylcarbinol Ph₃COH*   162

IUPAC name bp (°C) density (grams per millilitre) solubility in water

methanol   65 0.79 miscible

ethanol   78 0.79 miscible

1-propanol   97 0.80 miscible

2-propanol   82 0.79 miscible

1-butanol 118 0.81 9.1%

2-butanol 100 0.81 7.7%

2-methyl-1-propanol 108 0.80 10.0%

2-methyl-2-propanol   83 0.79 miscible

1-pentanol 138 0.82 2.7%

3-methyl-1-butanol 132 0.81 2.0%

2,2-dimethyl-1-propanol 113 0.81 3.5%

cyclopentanol 141 0.95

1-hexanol 156 0.82 0.6%

cyclohexanol 162 0.96 3.6%

1-heptanol 176 0.82 0.1%

1-octanol 194 0.83

1-nonanol 214 0.83

1-decanol 233 0.83

2-propen-1-ol   97 0.86

phenylmethanol 205 1.05

diphenylmethanol 298

triphenylmethanol 380 1.20

*Ph represents the phenyl group, C₆H₅—.

See as table:

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