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Soil Horizon letter designations

Soil Horizon letter designations

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Soil horizon letter designations
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Base symbols for surface horizons
O organic horizon containing litter and decomposed organic matter
A mineral horizon darkened by humus accumulation
      Base symbols for subsurface horizons

E mineral horizon lighter in colour than an A or O horizon and depleted in clay minerals
AB or EB transitional horizon more like A or E than B
BA or BE transitional horizon more like B than A or E
B accumulated clay and humus below the A or E horizon
BC or CB transitional horizon from B to C
C unconsolidated earth material below the A or B horizon
R consolidated rock
Suffixes added for special features of horizons
a highly decomposed organic matter
b buried horizon
c concretions or hard nodules (iron, aluminum, manganese, or titanium)
e organic matter of intermediate decomposition
f frozen soil
g gray colour with strong mottling and poor drainage
h accumulation of organic matter
i slightly decomposed organic matter
k accumulation of carbonate
m cementation or induration
n accumulation of sodium
o accumulation of oxides of iron and aluminum
p plowing or other anthropogenic disturbance
q accumulation of silica
r weathered or soft bedrock
s accumulation of metal oxides and organic matter
t accumulation of clay
v plinthite (hard, iron-enriched subsoil material)
w development of colour or structure
x fragipan character (high-density, brittle)
y accumulation of gypsum
z accumulation of salts
See as table:

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Universalium. 2010.

  
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