Rubiaceae

Rubiaceae

▪ plant family
      the madder family of the Rubiales order of flowering plants, consisting of 660 genera with more than 11,000 species of herbs, shrubs, and trees, distributed primarily in tropical areas of the world. Members of the family have leaves opposite each other with stipules or in whorls, unbroken leaf margins, and leaflike appendages at the base of the leafstalks. The leaves usually are large and evergreen in tropical species, deciduous in temperate species, and needlelike or scalelike in desert species. The plants may bear a single flower or many small flowers clustered together.

      Economically important products of the family Rubiaceae include quinine, which is derived from the bark of Cinchona species; coffee, from the seeds of Coffea species; ipecac, obtained from the roots of Psychotria ipecacuanha; and gambier, a substance that is used in tanning, from Uncaria gambir. Some trees in the family provide useful timber. Species that are cultivated as ornamentals include those of Gardenia, Ixora, Nertera, Crucianella, Bouvardia, Houstonia (bluets), and Cephalanthus (buttonbush). Common madder (Rubia tinctorum) was formerly cultivated for the red dye obtained from its roots (alizarin); the roots of crosswort (Crucianella) also contain a red dye once used in medicines.

 Plants in the genus Myrmecodia have swollen stems with hollow areas that are inhabited by ants (ant). Ants also inhabit the hollow stem segments in the genera Nauclea, Duroia, and Hydnophytum. Two familiar genera of low herbaceous plants native to temperate areas are Galium ( bedstraw, or cleavers; see photograph—>), with small flowers and square stems, and Mitchella ( partridgeberry), with twin four-petaled flowers borne at the end of each stem.
 

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Universalium. 2010.

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Look at other dictionaries:

  • Rubiaceae — Luculia gratissima Scientific classification Kingdom: Plantae …   Wikipedia

  • Rubiaceae — Rubiacées …   Wikipédia en Français

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  • Rubiaceae —   [lateinisch], die Rötegewächse …   Universal-Lexikon

  • Rubiaceae —   Rubiaceae Galium verum …   Wikipedia Español

  • Rubiaceae — Rubiacées Bouvardi …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Rubiaceae — Rötegewächse Blühender Kaffeestrauch (Coffea arabica) Systematik Überabteilung: Samenpflanzen …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Rubiaceae — Las Rubiaceae Juss. 1789, son una familia de plantas dicotiledoneas , llamadas normalmente de la rubia, galio blanco, o familia del café . Otras plantas que están incluidas son la cinchona, y gambir. Un número de reconocidas antiguas familias,… …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • Rubiaceae — noun widely distributed family of mostly tropical trees and shrubs and herbs; includes coffee and chinchona and gardenia and madder and bedstraws and partridgeberry • Syn: ↑family Rubiaceae, ↑madder family • Hypernyms: ↑asterid dicot family •… …   Useful english dictionary

  • RUBIACEAE JUSS. — МАРЕНОВЫЕ — 884. 885. 886. 887. 888. 889. 890. 891. 892. 893. 894. 895. 896. 897 …   Справочник растений

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