Pringle, Sir John, 1st Baronet

Pringle, Sir John, 1st Baronet

▪ English physician

born April 10, 1707, Stitchel, Roxburgh, Scot.
died Jan. 18, 1782, London, Eng.
 British physician, an early exponent of the importance of ordinary putrefactive processes in the production of disease. His application of this principle to the administration of hospitals and army camps has earned him distinction as a founder of modern military medicine.

      A pupil of the Dutch physician Hermann Boerhaave and the German anatomist Bernard Albinus at the University of Leiden (M.D., 1730), Pringle served as professor of moral philosophy at the University of Edinburgh (1734–44). In 1742 he became physician to the Earl of Stair, who was commander of the British army on the European continent, and served as physician general to the British forces in the Low Countries during part of the War of the Austrian Succession (1740–48). In London he became physician to the Duke of Cumberland (1749) and to George III (1774). He was created a baronet in 1766.

      Pringle's chief published work was Observations on the Diseases of the Army (1752). Medical procedures outlined in the book addressed problems of hospital ventilation and camp sanitation by advancing rules for proper drainage, adequate latrines, and the avoidance of marshes. He recognized the various forms of dysentery as one disease, equated hospital and jail fevers (typhus), and coined the term influenza. His suggestion that military hospitals be treated as sanctuaries mutually protected by belligerents eventually led to the establishment of the Red Cross (1864).

* * *


Universalium. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Поможем решить контрольную работу

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Sir George Collier, 1st Baronet — George Ralph Collier, 1st Baronet Born 1774 London, England …   Wikipedia

  • sir — /serr/, n. 1. a respectful or formal term of address used to a man: No, sir. 2. (cap.) the distinctive title of a knight or baronet: Sir Walter Scott. 3. (cap.) a title of respect for some notable personage of ancient times: Sir Pandarus of Troy …   Universalium

  • john — /jon/, n. Slang. 1. a toilet or bathroom. 2. (sometimes cap.) a fellow; guy. 3. (sometimes cap.) a prostitute s customer. [generic use of the proper name] * * * I known as John Lackland born Dec. 24, 1167, Oxford, Eng. died Oct. 18/19, 1216,… …   Universalium

  • John — /jon/, n. 1. the apostle John, believed to be the author of the fourth Gospel, three Epistles, and the book of Revelation. 2. See John the Baptist. 3. (John Lackland) 1167? 1216, king of England 1199 1216; signer of the Magna Carta 1215 (son of… …   Universalium

  • Pringle Baronets — There have been two Baronetcies created for members of the Scottish Pringle family, one in the Baronetage of Nova Scotia and one in the Baronetage of Great Britain. One creation is extant as of 2008. The Pringle Baronetcy, of Stichill in the… …   Wikipedia

  • Baronet — For the brush footed butterfly species, see Euthalia nais. Royal and noble ranks Emperor Empress King Queen …   Wikipedia

  • John Pringle — Infobox Scientist name = John Pringle box width = image width =150px caption = John Pringle birth date = April 10, 1707 birth place = death date = January 18, 1782 death place = residence = citizenship = nationality = Scottish ethnicity = field …   Wikipedia

  • medicine, history of — Introduction  the development of the prevention and treatment of disease from prehistoric and ancient times to the 20th century. Medicine and surgery before 1800 Primitive (primitive culture) medicine and folklore       Unwritten history is not… …   Universalium

  • Scottish representatives to the 1st Parliament of Great Britain — Scottish representatives to the House of Commons of the 1st Parliament of Great Britain were not elected but co opted in 1707 from the Commissioners of the last Parliament of Scotland.Legal background to the composition of the 1st ParliamentUnder …   Wikipedia

  • Franklin, Benjamin — born Jan. 17, 1706, Boston, Mass. died April 17, 1790, Philadelphia, Pa., U.S. American statesman, scientist, philosopher, and publisher. He was apprenticed at age 12 to his brother, a local printer. He taught himself to write effectively, and in …   Universalium

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”