You can mark you interesting snippets of text that will be available through a unique link in your browser.


Khanty and Mansi

Khanty and Mansi

▪ people
Khanty formerly  called Ostyak, Mansi  formerly  called Vogul,  

      western Siberian peoples, living mainly in the Ob River basin of central Russia. They each speak an Ob-Ugric language of the Finno-Ugric branch of the Uralic languages. Together they numbered some 30,000 in the late 20th century. They are descended from people from the south Ural steppe who moved into this region about the middle of the 1st millennium AD.

      Their present-day territory lies to the east of the Urals along the Ob River and its tributaries, from the Urals and a narrow belt of foothills to a vast central lowland that slopes gently to the Gulf of Ob. Some of the territory, both highlands and lowlands, is covered by vast swamps grown over with moss, peat, sedge, and small marsh pine. The climate is severe: winter lasts for six months, producing snow accumulations of 6.5 feet (2 m); there is flooding in summer as the rivers—the Ob, the Irtysh, and their tributaries—form a vast expanse of water.

      The Khanty and the Mansi have many similar features, including habitat, economy, organization, and a number of traditions. Their principal sources of subsistence are hunting (traditionally with bows and arrows and spears, later with guns), trapping, and fishing (with nets, weirs, seines, and traps); reindeer herding (mostly by the Khanty) was usually a subsidiary occupation and was probably a result of contact with the neighbouring Nenets in the 15th century. The Ob-Ugrians traditionally either were nomadic or had settled dwellings according to their subsistence pattern. At summer hunting sites they generally lived in tents; their permanent winter homes were wooden huts. Boats, skis, and some horse- or reindeer-drawn sleds provided transportation.

      The Khanty and the Mansi were formerly divided into tribes consisting of local territorial groupings. Each individual, regardless of tribe, belonged to one of two phratries and was expected to marry outside his phratry. A phratry consisted of several clans, each with a name or names of an ancestor or ancestor hero, a sign or brand to identify clan property, internal organization, an ancestor cult, and a sacred site.

      Of all the peoples of northern Siberia, only the Khanty and Mansi had stringed instruments: a type of five-stringed zither and a one- or two-stringed, bowed instrument (its bow made like a small archer's bow strung with horsehair). The strings of both types were made from elk sinews.

      Under Soviet administration the Khanty and the Mansi were settled on collective farms. In addition to the development of the aboriginal economy, such new activities as animal husbandry, fur farming, and agriculture were introduced.

* * *


Universalium. 2010.

  
Share  

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug — Yugra ( ru. Ханты Мансийский автономный округ Югра, Khanty Mansiysky avtonomny okrug – Yugra ), or Khantia Mansia, is a federal subject of Russia (an autonomous okrug of Tyumen Oblast). The people native to the region are the Khanty and the Mansi …   Wikipedia

  • Mansi language — Mansi маньси/моаньсь Spoken in  Russia Region …   Wikipedia

  • Khanty-Mansiysk — ( ru. Ханты Мансийск) is an oil boom town in Russia, the administrative center of Khanty Mansi Autonomous Okrug. It is located on the Irtysh River, 15 km from its confluence with the Ob. The population as of the 2002 Census was 53,953, up from 34 …   Wikipedia

  • Khanty people — Infobox Ethnic group group=Khanty poptime=28,000 popplace=Russia rels=Shamanism, Russian Orthodoxy langs=Russian, Khanty related=Khanty / Hanti (obsolete: Ostyaks) are an endangered indigenous people calling themselves Khanti, Khande, Kantek… …   Wikipedia

  • Khanty (etnia) — Para otros usos de este término, véase Khanty (desambiguación). La mayoría de los Khanty viven en el Okrug Autónomo de Khanty Mansi, en Siberia Occidental. Los Khanty / Hanti / Janti (antiguamente: Ostyaks) son un pueblo indígena en peligro que… …   Wikipedia Español

  • Khanty-Mansi — ▪ okrug, Russia       autonomous okrug (district), in central Russia. The Khanty Mansi national okrug was established in 1930 for the Khanty (Ostyak) and Mansi (Vogul) peoples, although the majority of the present population are Russian settlers; …   Universalium

  • Khanty-Mansiysk Airport — Infobox Airport name = Khanty Mansiysk nativename = nativename a = nativename r = image width = caption = IATA = HMA ICAO = USHH type = Public owner = operator = city served = location = Khanty Mansiysk elevation f = 75 elevation m = coordinates …   Wikipedia

  • Beryozovsky District, Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug — Beryozovsky District ( ru. Берёзовский район) is one of nine districts ( raions ) of Khanty Mansi Autonomous Okrug, Russia, located in the north western part of the okrug, on the left bank of meridional part of the Ob River within the limits of… …   Wikipedia

  • Raduzhny, Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug — Raduzhny ( ru. Радужный) is a town in Khanty Mansi Autonomous Okrug, Russia, located on the Agan River, 475 km northeast of Khanty Mansiysk and 975 km northeast of Tyumen. Population: 47,060 (2002 Census); 43,726 (1989 Census).It was founded as a …   Wikipedia

  • Sovetsky, Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug — Sovetsky ( ru. Советский) is a town in Khanty Mansi Autonomous Okrug, Russia, located 470 km west of Khanty Mansiysk. Population: 23,230 (2002 Census); 21,123 (1989 Census).It was founded in 1963 and granted urban type settlement status in 1963.… …   Wikipedia

Фильмы