hydraulis

hydraulis

      earliest known mechanical pipe organ. It was invented in the 3rd century BC by Ctesibius of Alexandria, culminating prior attempts to apply a mechanical wind supply to a large set of panpipes. Its pipes stood on top of a wind chest that was connected to a conical wind reservoir. The reservoir was supplied with air by one or two pumps. For the pipes to sound evenly, the wind chest needed steady air pressure. The open bottom of the cone was set in a tall outer container half filled with water. When air pressure in the cone was low, the water level rose inside it, compressing the air and restoring the former air pressure. The player operated keys or, on some instruments, sliders that let air into the pipes.

      The hydraulis was used at outdoor public entertainments; its sound was loud and penetrating. Its use declined in the West by the 5th century AD, although Arab writers of the 9th century refer to it. Later medieval writers thought the hydraulis was a steam-whistle organ such as the calliope.

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Universalium. 2010.

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  • Hydraulis —   [griech »Wasserorgel«, zu hýdōr »Wasser« und aulós »Röhre«, »Pfeife«] die, , lateinisch Ọrganum hydraulicum, ein vermutlich im 3. Jahrhundert v. Chr. von dem Ingenieur Ktesibios aus Alexandria erfundenes Musikinstrument, eine pneumatische… …   Universal-Lexikon

  • Hydraulis — (griech., »Wasserpfeife«, Organum hydraulicum), Wasserorgel, ein von Ktesibios zu Alexandria (180 v. Chr.) konstruiertes orgelartiges Instrument, das Wasser zur Regulierung der Windstärke benutzte, beschrieben von Heron von Alexandria …   Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon

  • Hydraulis — Este artículo o sección necesita referencias que aparezcan en una publicación acreditada, como revistas especializadas, monografías, prensa diaria o páginas de Internet fidedignas. Puedes añadirlas así o avisar …   Wikipedia Español

  • Hydraulis — Wasserorgel, nach der Beschreibung des Heron von Alexandria gezeichnet …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • hydraulis — Hydraulicon Hy*drau li*con, n. [NL. See {Hydraulic}.] (Mus.) An ancient musical instrument played by the action of water; a water organ. [Written also {hydraulis}.] [1913 Webster] …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Hydraulis — Hy|drau|lis die; <aus gr. hýdraulis »Wasserorgel« zu hýdōr »Wasser« u. aulós »Flöte; Röhre«> Orgel der Antike, bei der die Luftzuführung durch Wasserdruck reguliert wurde …   Das große Fremdwörterbuch

  • Hydraulis —    See Pipe Organ …   Historical dictionary of sacred music

  • HYDRAULIS — ( водяная труба ; Organum hydraulicum, водяной орган) – предок наших органов, инструмент, изобретенный Ктесибием в Александрии (180 до Р. X.); вода регулировала в нем силу воздушной струи. Описан Геро Александрийским ( Spiritalia seu… …   Музыкальный словарь Римана

  • Water organ — The water organ or hydraulic organ (early types are sometimes called hydraulis, hydraulos, hydraulus or hydraula) is a type of automatic pipe organ blown by air, where the power source pushing the air is derived by water from a natural source… …   Wikipedia

  • Hydraulos — Wasserorgel, nach der Beschreibung des Heron von Alexandria gezeichnet Rekonstruktion einer Wasserorgel Die Hyd …   Deutsch Wikipedia

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