fluorescence in situ hybridization

fluorescence in situ hybridization

      technique that employs fluorescent probes for the detection of specific deoxyribonucleic acid ( DNA) sequences in chromosomes (chromosome). FISH has a much higher rate of sensitivity and specificity than other genetic diagnostic tests such as karyotyping and thus can be used to detect a variety of structural abnormalities in chromosomes, including small genetic deletions involving just one to five genes (gene). It is also useful in detecting moderate-sized deletions such as those causing Prader-Willi syndrome, a rare genetic disorder characterized by a rounded face, low forehead, and intellectual disability. FISH also provides results more quickly than karyotyping because no cell culture is required.

      FISH is commonly used for preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) during in vitro fertilization. PGD involves obtaining a single cell from an embryo in the blastocyst stage of development. This single cell can then be analyzed using FISH. One problem with using FISH for PGD is that a single cell is scant material for diagnosis; therefore, a large array of tests cannot be performed. Similarly, if the test fails for any technical reason, it cannot be repeated.

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  • fluorescence in situ hybridization — fluorescence in situ hybridization. См. нерадиоактивная гибридизация in situ. (Источник: «Англо русский толковый словарь генетических терминов». Арефьев В.А., Лисовенко Л.А., Москва: Изд во ВНИРО, 1995 г.) …   Молекулярная биология и генетика. Толковый словарь.

  • Fluorescence in situ hybridization — A metaphase cell positive for the bcr/abl rearrangement (associated with chronic myelogenous leukemia) using FISH. The chromosomes can be seen in blue. The chromosome that is labeled with green and red spots (upper left) is the one where the… …   Wikipedia

  • fluorescence in situ hybridization — fluorescencinė hibridizacija in situ statusas T sritis augalininkystė apibrėžtis Chromosomų analizės metodas, kurį taikant naudojami švytintys fluorochromų žymekliai kaip alternatyva radioaktyviems žymekliams. atitikmenys: angl. FISH;… …   Žemės ūkio augalų selekcijos ir sėklininkystės terminų žodynas

  • fluorescence in situ hybridization — (= FISH; chromosome painting) Technique of directly mapping the position of a gene or DNA clone within a genome by in situ hybridization to metaphase spreads, in which condensed chromosomes are distinguishable by light microscopy. The DNA probe… …   Dictionary of molecular biology

  • fluorescence in situ hybridization — (FISH) in situ hybridization in which DNA probes are labeled with fluorescent tags and hybridized to metaphase or nondividing (interphase) chromosome spreads to identify and localize specific sequences. See also chromosome painting, under… …   Medical dictionary

  • fluorescence in situ hybridization — Abbreviation: FISH Hybridization of cloned, fluorescently labelled DNA or RNA, to intact biological materials, notably chromosome spreads and thin tissue sections. The technique allows the visualization of the physical location of nucleic acid… …   Glossary of Biotechnology

  • fluorescence in situ hybridization — see FISH …   Medical dictionary

  • fluorescence in situ hybridization — see FISH …   The new mediacal dictionary

  • Fluorescent in situ hybridization — can be used to find out where the fluorescent probe bound to the chromosome. FISH is often used for finding specific features in DNA. These features can be used in genetic counseling, medicine, and species identification. Probes Probes are often… …   Wikipedia

  • nonradioactive in situ hybridization — nonradioactive in situ hybridization. = fluorescence in situ hybridization (см.). (Источник: «Англо русский толковый словарь генетических терминов». Арефьев В.А., Лисовенко Л.А., Москва: Изд во ВНИРО, 1995 г.) …   Молекулярная биология и генетика. Толковый словарь.

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