Charles (I)

Charles (I)

▪ emperor of Austria

born Aug. 17, 1887, Persenbeug Castle, Austria
died April 1, 1922, Quinta do Monte, Madeira

      emperor (Kaiser) of Austria and, as Charles IV, king of Hungary, the last ruler of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy (Nov. 21, 1916–Nov. 11, 1918).

      A grandnephew of the emperor Francis Joseph I, Charles became heir presumptive to the Habsburg throne upon the assassination of his uncle Francis Ferdinand (June 28, 1914), whose children were barred from succession because of his morganatic marriage. After his accession, Charles, a peace-loving man, made attempts to take Austria-Hungary out of World War I through secret overtures to the Allied powers, the most promising being through his brother-in-law, Prince Sixtus von Bourbon-Parma. All failed, largely because the emperor refused to cede any territories to Italy. Because he had also supported French claims to Alsace-Lorraine, his reputation both in Germany and at home suffered when his efforts were made public.

      World War I accelerated the centrifugal forces of nationalism in Charles's multinational empire. His solution, transformation of the western part of his empire into a federated state, announced in October 1918, proved insufficient and too late. On Nov. 11, 1918, after the collapse of the Austro-Hungarian armies on the Italian front, Charles renounced all participation in affairs of state but did not abdicate. Exiled to Switzerland in March 1919, he was deposed by the Austrian parliament that April. In 1921 he twice tried to regain his Hungarian throne but failed and was sent to exile in Madeira, living there in very poor conditions and dying of pneumonia.

      Upon Charles's death in 1922, his widow, Zita von Bourbon-Parma (1892–1989), went into mourning and wore black for the rest of her life, dying at age 96 in Switzerland.

* * *


Universalium. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Поможем написать реферат

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Charles — Charles, Ray * * * (as used in expressions) Adams, Charles Francis Addams, Charles (Samuel) Atlas, Charles Babbage, Charles Barkley, Charles (Wade) Charles Daly Barnet Bartlett, Sir Frederic C(harles) Baudelaire, Charles (Pierre) Charles Edward… …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • Charles X — de France Pour les articles homonymes, voir Charles X (homonymie). Charles X …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Charles — ist ein männlicher Vorname, der auch als Familienname in Gebrauch ist. Inhaltsverzeichnis 1 Herkunft und Bedeutung 2 Bekannte Namensträger 2.1 Vorname 2.2 Familienname …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Charles I — may refer to: In Kings and Emperors: Charles I, Holy Roman Emperor or Charlemagne (742–814) Charles I of Naples, King of Sicily (1226–1285) Charles I of Hungary, King of Hungary (1288–1342) Charles I of Bohemia or Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor… …   Wikipedia

  • Charles II — may refer to: Charles the Bald (823–877), king of the West Franks and Holy Roman Emperor Charles II of Naples (1248–1309) Charles II of Alençon (1297–1346) Charles II of Navarre (1332–1387) Charles II, Duke of Lorraine (1390–1431) Charles II,… …   Wikipedia

  • CHARLES II — (1630 1685) roi d’Angleterre (1660 1685) Fils aîné du roi décapité, privé du trône d’Angleterre en 1649, chassé en 1651 de l’Écosse qui l’avait reconnu roi en janvier de la même année, Charles doit mener une longue vie d’exilé, plus ou moins… …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • Charles — Charles1 [chärlz] n. [Fr < ML Carolus or Gmc Karl, lit., full grown; akin to OE ceorl, CHURL] a masculine name: dim. Charley, Charlie, Chuck; var. Carl, Karl; equiv. L. Carolus, Ger. Carl, Karl, It. Carlo, Sp. Carlos, Du. Karel; fem. Charlene …   English World dictionary

  • CHARLES VI — (1685 1740) empereur germanique (1711 1740) Frère cadet de l’empereur germanique Joseph Ier, l’archiduc Charles avait été destiné dès son plus jeune âge à régner sur l’Espagne, puisque le dernier Habsbourg d’Espagne, Charles II, était… …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • Charles IV — may refer to: Charles IV of France, the Fair (1294–1328) Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor (1316–1378) Charles IV of Navarre (1421–1461) Charles IV, Duke of Anjou (1436–1481) Charles IV of Alençon (1489–1525) Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor and IV of… …   Wikipedia

  • CHARLES X — (1757 1836) roi de France (1824 1830) Né à Versailles le 9 octobre 1757, Charles était le quatrième fils du dauphin Louis (fils de Louis XV, mort en 1765 sans avoir régné). À la cour de Versailles, la vie du jeune comte d’Artois (tel était son… …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • Charles V — may refer to: Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor (1500 – 1558), also Charles I of Spain Charles V of Naples (1661 – 1700), better known as Charles II of Spain Charles V of France (1338 – 1380), called the Wise Charles V, Duke of Lorraine (1643 – 1690) …   Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”