bidʿah

bidʿah

Islam
      in Islām, any innovation that has no roots in the traditional practice (sunna) of the Muslim community. The most fundamentalist legal school in Islām, the Ḥanābilah (and its modern survivor, the Wahhābīyah sect of Saudi Arabia) rejected bidʿah completely, arguing that the duty of a Muslim was to follow the example set by the Prophet (sunna) and not try to improve on it.

      Most Muslims, however, agreed that it was impossible to adapt to changing conditions without introducing some types of innovations. As a safeguard against any excesses, bidʿahs were classified as good (asan) or praiseworthy (maḥmūdah), or bad (sayyʾah) or blameworthy (madhmūmah). They were further grouped under the five categories of Muslim law as follows: (1) among bidʿahs required of the Muslim community (far kifāyah) are the study of Arabic grammar and philology as tools for the proper understanding of the Qurʾān, evaluation of Ḥadith (traditions or sayings of the Prophet Muḥammad) to determine their validity, the refutation of heretics, and the codification of law; (2) strictly forbidden (muḥarramah) are bidʿahs that undermine the principles of orthodoxy and thus constitute unbelief (kufr); (3) recommended (mandūb) is the founding of schools and religious houses; (4) disapproved (makrūh) are the ornamentation of mosques and the decoration of the Qurʾān; and finally (5) the law is indifferent (mubāḥah) to the bidʿahs of fine clothing and good food.

* * *


Universalium. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Нужно сделать НИР?

Look at other dictionaries:

  • bid — 1 / bid/ vb bid, bid·ding vt: to offer (a price) for payment or acceptance vi: to make a bid: state what one will pay or take in payment a contractor bidding for a job bid·der n bid 2 …   Law dictionary

  • bid — bid1 [bid] vt. BADE, bidden, bidding; for vt. 3, 6, 8 & for vi., the pt. & pp. are always bid, bade or bid, bid [ME bidden, to ask, plead, pray < OE biddan < IE base * bheidh , to urge, compel; meaning and form merged with ME beden, to… …   English World dictionary

  • Bid — (b[i^]d), v. t. [imp. {Bade} (b[a^]d), {Bid}, (Obs.) {Bad}; p. p. {Bidden}, {Bid}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Bidding}.] [OE. bidden, prop to ask, beg, AS. biddan; akin to OS. biddian, Icel. bi[eth]ja, OHG. bittan, G. bitten, to pray, ask, request, and E.… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Bid — (b[i^]d), v. t. [imp. {Bade} (b[a^]d), {Bid}, (Obs.) {Bad}; p. p. {Bidden}, {Bid}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Bidding}.] [OE. bidden, prop to ask, beg, AS. biddan; akin to OS. biddian, Icel. bi[eth]ja, OHG. bittan, G. bitten, to pray, ask, request, and E.… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Bid — (b[i^]d), v. t. [imp. {Bade} (b[a^]d), {Bid}, (Obs.) {Bad}; p. p. {Bidden}, {Bid}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Bidding}.] [OE. bidden, prop to ask, beg, AS. biddan; akin to OS. biddian, Icel. bi[eth]ja, OHG. bittan, G. bitten, to pray, ask, request, and E.… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Bid'a — Bidʿa ‏ بدعة‎ bid a, DMG bidʿa bedeutet „Neuerung“, „Ketzerei“, „ketzerische Lehre“ in der islamischen Theologie und Jurisprudenz und steht somit im Widerspruch zur Sunna. Grundsätzlich ist jede Neuerung zunächst verwerflich, wenn sie nicht im… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Bidʿa — ‏ بدعة‎ bid a, DMG bidʿa bedeutet „Neuerung“ in der islamischen Theologie und Jurisprudenz und steht somit im Widerspruch zur Sunna. Grundsätzlich ist jede Neuerung zunächst verwerflich, wenn sie nicht im Einklang mit dem Koran und der Sunna …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • bid — Ⅰ. bid [1] ► VERB (bidding; past and past part. bid) 1) offer (a certain price) for something, especially at an auction. 2) (bid for) (of a contractor) tender for (work). 3) (bid for) make an effort to obtain or achiev …   English terms dictionary

  • Bid — Cette page d’homonymie répertorie les différents sujets et articles partageant un même nom. {{{image}}}   Sigles d une seule lettre   Sigles de deux lettres > Sigles de trois lettres …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Bid'a — Bid ah Religion religions abrahamiques : judaïsme · christianisme · islam C …   Wikipédia en Français

  • bid — [n1] offering of money or services advance, amount, declaration, feeler, hit, invitation, offer, pass, price, proffer, proposal, proposition, request, submission, suggestion, sum, summons, tender; concepts 67,330 bid [n2] endeavor attempt, crack …   New thesaurus

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”