Abdor Raḥmān Khānʿ

Abdor Raḥmān Khānʿ

▪ amīr of Afghanistan

born c. 1844, Kābul, Afg.
died 1901, Kābul

      amīr of Afghanistan (1880–1901) who played a prominent role in the fierce and long-drawn struggle for power waged by his father and his uncle, Aʿẓam Khān, against his cousin Shīr ʿAlī (Shīr ʿAlī Khān), the successor of Dōst Moḥammad Khān.

      ʿAbdor Raḥmān was the son of Afzal Khān, whose father, Dōst Moḥammad Khān, had established the Barakzāi dynasty in Afghanistan. Shīr ʿAlī's victory in 1869 drove ʿAbdor Raḥmān into exile in Russian Turkistan, where he lived at Samarkand until Shīr ʿAlī's death in 1879, a year after the outbreak of the war between the British and the Afghans. ʿAbdor Raḥmān returned to Afghanistan in 1880, was heartily welcomed by his people, and remained in northern Afghanistan until the British negotiated a settlement recognizing ʿAbdor Raḥmān as amīr in return for his acknowledgment of the British right to control his foreign relations. ʿAbdor Raḥmān pacified the country and consolidated his authority. During the years 1880–87, he crushed a revolt by the powerful Ghilzai tribe and an unexpected rebellion led by his cousin Isḥāq Khān; he also decisively defeated Shīr ʿAlī's son Ayūb, who raided intermittently from his base in Herāt.

      ʿAbdor Raḥmān's reign is notable for the agreement reached on the demarcation of Afghanistan's northwestern border with Russia, the result of talks held near Kābul in 1893 with a British delegation led by Sir Mortimer Durand, under which ʿAbdor Raḥmān accepted the Durand Line as his frontier, relinquishing some hereditary rights over the tribes on the eastern border.

      ʿAbdor Raḥmān also reorganized the administrative system of the country and initiated internal reforms. He brought in foreign experts, imported machinery for making munitions, introduced manufacture of consumer goods and new agricultural tools, and established Afghanistan's first modern hospital. He imposed an organized government upon a divided population and maintained the balance in dealing with the British in India and the Russian Empire.

* * *


Universalium. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Поможем написать курсовую

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Ḥabībollāh Khān — ▪ emir of Afghanistan born 1872, Tashkent, Russian Turkistan [now in Uzbekistan] died Feb. 20, 1919, Kalagosh, Afg.       ruler of Afghanistan from 1901 to 1919. Maintaining satisfactory relations with British India, he introduced needed reforms… …   Universalium

  • Afghanistan — /af gan euh stan /, n. a republic in central Asia, NW of India and E of Iran. 23,738,085; 250,000 sq. mi. (647,500 sq. km). Cap.: Kabul. * * * Afghanistan Introduction Afghanistan Background: Afghanistan s recent history is characterized by war… …   Universalium

  • India — /in dee euh/, n. 1. Hindi, Bharat. a republic in S Asia: a union comprising 25 states and 7 union territories; formerly a British colony; gained independence Aug. 15, 1947; became a republic within the Commonwealth of Nations Jan. 26, 1950.… …   Universalium

  • 1901 in Afghanistan — NOTOC See also : 1900 in Afghanistan, other events of 1901, and 1902 in Afghanistan. October 3, 1901The amir Abdor Rahman Khan dies at Kabul. During his reign of twenty years he effectually got rid of all possible rivals or persons likely to give …   Wikipedia

  • Bārakzay Dynasty — ▪ Afghan ruling family       ruling family in Afghanistan in the 19th and 20th centuries. The Bārakzay brothers seized control of Afghanistan and in 1826 divided the region between them. Dōst Moḥammad Khān gained preeminence and founded the… …   Universalium

  • 1901 — This article is about the year 1901. For the song by Phoenix, see 1901 (song). Millennium: 2nd millennium Centuries: 19th century – 20th century – 21st century Decades: 1870s  1880s  1890s  – 19 …   Wikipedia

  • 1844 — Year 1844 (MDCCCXLIV) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a leap year starting on Saturday of the 12 day slower Julian calendar). Events of 1844January March * January 15 The… …   Wikipedia

  • Durand Line — ▪ boundary, Asia       boundary established in the Hindu Kush in 1893 running through the tribal lands between Afghanistan and British India, marking their respective spheres of influence; in modern times it has marked the border between… …   Universalium

  • Ripon, George Frederick Samuel Robinson, 1st Marquess of, 2nd Earl Of Ripon, Viscount Goderich Of Nocton — ▪ British statesman born Oct. 24, 1827, London, Eng. died July 9, 1909, Studley Royal, near Ripon, Yorkshire  British statesman who in more than 50 years of public service occupied important Cabinet posts and served as viceroy of India. A liberal …   Universalium

  • 1932 in Afghanistan — NOTOC See also : 1931 in Afghanistan, other events of 1932, and 1933 in Afghanistan. Kabul University is established. Initially, only a faculty of medicine exists.February 1932Towards the end of the month the new Fundamental Rules of the Afghan… …   Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”