Abbās Mīrzāʿ

Abbās Mīrzāʿ

▪ prince of Iran

born September 1789, Navā, Qājār Iran
died Oct. 25, 1833, Meshed

      crown prince of the Qājār Dynasty of Iran who introduced European military techniques into his country.

      Although he was not the eldest son of Fatḥ ʿAlī Shāh (1797–1834), ʿAbbās Mīrzā was named crown prince and appointed governor of the province of Azerbaijan in 1798 or 1799. When war broke out between Russia and Iran in 1804, he was made commander of the Iranian expeditionary force of 30,000 men. The war (1804–13) resulted in the loss of most of Iran's Georgian territory and showed ʿAbbās Mīrzā the necessity of reforming the Qājār military forces. He began sending Iranian students to Europe to learn Western techniques; a first group was sent to England in 1811 and a second group followed in 1815. In 1812 a printing press was established in Tabriz, the capital of Azerbaijan, and the translation of European military handbooks was encouraged. A gunpowder factory and an artillery foundry were also started in Tabriz.

      The new army was drilled by British military advisers, who taught such tactics as the use of infantry formations and close cooperation between infantry and artillery. This army distinguished itself in campaigns against the Ottoman Turks in 1821–23. During the second Russo-Iranian war (1826–28) ʿAbbās Mīrzā again led the Iranian forces. In the first year of the war he was able to recapture all of Iran's lost territory; his new army, especially the artillery arm, was more than a match for the Russian troops. In the end, however, Russian numerical superiority and discipline, coupled with Fatḥ ʿAlī Shāh's refusal to reinforce and replace ʿAbbās Mīrzā's losses, led to a disastrous defeat. At the cessation of hostilities (1828), Iran had lost all its Georgian and Caucasian territories.

      ʿAbbās Mīrzā was shattered by this defeat. He lost interest in military reform and spent the last five years of his life trying to maintain his own position as crown prince and feuding with his many brothers. Broken in spirit as well as in health, he died leading a punitive expedition against rebels in Khorāsān.

* * *


Universalium. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Поможем написать реферат

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Abbas Mirza — Abbas Mirza. El Príncipe Abbas Mirza Abbas Mirza (عباس میرزا آملی en persa) (septiembre de 1789 25 de octubre de 1833) fue un príncipe heredero …   Wikipedia Español

  • Abbas Mirza — Pour les articles homonymes, voir Abbas. Abbas Mirza (né le 26 août 1789 décédé le 25 octobre 1833) à Mashhad et enterré à Mashhad, fils et héritier prés …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Abbas Mirza — (* 1783; † 25. Oktober 1833 in Maschhad) war ein persischer Prinz und der zweite Sohn des Schahs von Persien, Fath Ali. Dieser hatte ihn zum Thronfolger ernannt und damit die rechtmäßige Thronfolge seines älteren Bruders, Mohammed Ali Mirza,… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Abbas-Mirza — Pour les articles homonymes, voir Abbas. Abbas Mirza, fils et héritier présomptif de Fath Ali Shah Qajar, chah d …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Abbas Mirza — Abbas Mirza, geb. um 1783, 2. Sohn Feth Alis, Schahs von Persien, u. dessen erklärter Nachfolger. Er liebte europ. Sitten u. Wissenschaften, suchte sein Vaterland dem Einflusse Rußlands zu entziehen u. schloß sich mehr an England an. Er kämpfte… …   Pierer's Universal-Lexikon

  • Abbas Mirza — Abbas Mirza, pers. Prinz aus dem Hause Kadschar, geb. um 1783, gest. 1833 in Meschhed, war zweiter Sohn des Schahs Feth Ali von Persien, der ihn zum Thronfolger ernannte, weil auch seine Mutter dem Hause Kadschar angehörte. Intelligent und… …   Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon

  • ‘ABBAS MIRZA — ‘ABB S MIRZ (1789 1833) Fils de Fath ‘Ali Sh h, considéré comme un véritable pionnier réformateur de l’Iran moderne, ‘Abb s Mirz fut le principal adversaire de la Russie tsariste dans la conquête du Caucase. Selon la volonté de q Mohammad Kh n,… …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • Abbas Mirza — Prince Abbas Mirza Na eb es Saltaneh شاهزاده عباس ميرزا نايب‏السلطنه Prince Abbas Mirza, 1821 Vali Ahd of Iran Reign 1797 1833 …   Wikipedia

  • Abbas Mirza Sharifzadeh — Abbas Mirza Abdulrasul oglu Sharifzadeh (Sharifov) (Azeri: Abbas Mirzə Şərifzadə ) (12 December 1893, Shamakhi ndash; 16 November 1938, Baku) was an Azerbaijani actor, film director and film editor.Acting careerAbbas Mirza Sharifzadeh was born… …   Wikipedia

  • ABBAS-MIRZA —    a Persian prince, a reformer of the Persian army, and a leader of it, unsuccessfully, however, against Russia (1783 1833) …   The Nuttall Encyclopaedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”