Thonet, Michael

Thonet, Michael
born July 2, 1796, Boppard, Trier
died March 3, 1871, Vienna, Austria

German Austrian pioneer in the industrialization of furniture manufacture.

He developed a system of steam-bent veneers с 1830 and created light, curvilinear chairs. By 1856 he had perfected the bending of solid beechwood with heat and began mass production of bentwood furniture. He set up factories in Hungary and Moravia and opened salons from Moscow to Chicago. By 1870 he was producing furniture in hitherto unheard-of quantities. His furniture is still being manufactured today.

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▪ Austrian furniture maker
born July 2, 1796, Boppard, Trier [Germany]
died March 3, 1871, Vienna

      German-Austrian pioneer in the industrialization of furniture manufacture, whose experiments in the production of bentwood furniture widely influenced both contemporary and modern styles and whose functional and exquisitely designed chairs are still being manufactured.

      A humble artisan who set up his own workshop specializing in parquetry (1819), Thonet began in 1830 to experiment with new cabinetmaking techniques. He developed a system of steambent veneers and glued four or five together, from which he made complete chairs that were light and curvilinear. Similar techniques were in use at the time in New York City by the German-born furniture maker John Henry Belter.

      Thonet's inventiveness attracted the attention of Richard Metternich, who in 1842 invited Thonet to settle in Vienna; for the next five years he worked on the Neorococo interiors of the Liechtenstein Palace. Some of his work there included bent, solid wood, formed by methods familiar to wheelwrights; these pieces were subcontracted through the firm of Carl Leistler and Son, then decorating the palace, with whom Thonet had gone into partnership (dissolved in 1849).

      His representative works shown at the Great Exhibition, London (1851), were a huge success. In 1853 he incorporated with his sons, renaming his firm Gebrüder Thonet. By 1856 he had perfected the bending by heat of solid beechwood into curvilinear shapes, and he was ready for mass production, exporting as far as South America. Factories were later established in Hungary and Moravia. Catapulting to success, he opened salons throughout Europe (including Moscow) and in the United States (New York City and Chicago). By 1870 his Viennese firm was producing furniture in hitherto unheard-of quantities—some 400,000 pieces annually. After his death the enterprise was conducted by his sons, who continued to open more factories.

      Among Thonet's most popular designs were those of café chairs, rocking chairs, and hat stands. His solid bentwood furniture, never out of production, was again made fashionable in the 1920s by the renowned modern architect and designer Le Corbusier. The utilitarian chairs, mass-produced at low prices, were seen all over the Western world and shown in the paintings of such artists as Toulouse-Lautrec and John Sloan. Interest in Art Nouveau in the 1960s accounted for still another—and continuing—revival of Thonet's bentwood furniture.

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Universalium. 2010.

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  • Thonet, Michael — (2 jul. 1796, Boppard, Trier–3 mar. 1871, Viena, Austria). Pionero alemán austríaco de la industrialización del mueble. Creó un sistema de enchapados curvados por vapor, 1830, y fabricó sillas livianas y curvilíneas. En 1856, ya había… …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • Michael Thonet — (* 2. Juli 1796 in Boppard, Deutschland; † 3. März 1871 in Wien) war ein deutsch österreichischer Tischlermeister und Industrieller und gilt weltweit als Pionier des Möbeldesigns …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Michael Thonet — in his 60s Chair no. 14 ( Konsumstuhl Nr. 14 ) from 1859 …   Wikipedia

  • Thonet — Thonet,   Michael, Tischler und Industrieller, * Boppard 2. 7. 1796, ✝ Wien 3. 3. 1871; ihm gelang 1830 die Erfindung, Holz im Dampf zu biegen. Seit 1842 in Wien, stellte er nach diesem Verfahren Stühle (seit 1861 auch Schaukelstühle) her, die… …   Universal-Lexikon

  • Thonet — Thonet, Michael, Industrieller, geb. 2. Juli 1796 in Boppard, gest. 3. März 1871 in Wien, erlernte die Tischlerei, bemühte sich seit 1830 um Herstellung von Möbelbestandteilen durch Biegen dicker Furniere, nahm 1840 die ersten Patente auf Möbel… …   Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon

  • Michael Thonet — Sillas Bentwood de Michael Thonet, 1850. Michael Thonet (Boppard, Alemania, 2 de julio de 1796 – Viena, Imperio austrohúngaro, 3 de marzo de 1871) fue un constructor de muebles e industrial, pionero en el diseño de muebles y creador de las… …   Wikipedia Español

  • Michael — /muy keuhl/, n. 1. a militant archangel. Dan. 10:13. 2. Rumanian, Mihai /mee huy /. born 1921, king of Rumania 1927 30, 1940 47 (son of Carol II). 3. (italics) a narrative poem (1800) by Wordsworth. 4. a male given name. * * * I In the Bible and… …   Universalium

  • Michael — (as used in expressions) Bennett, Michael Michael Bennett Difiglia Bishop, J(ohn) Michael Coetzee, J(ohn) M(ichael) Cohan, George M(ichael) Collins, Michael Curley, James Michael Curtiz, Michael DeBakey, Michael (Ellis) Douglas, Michael Dummett,… …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • Michael Thonet — chaise Thonet n°14, 1859 Michael Thonet …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Thonet — Michael Thonet (1796 1871), deutsch österreichischer Tischlermeister und Industrieller Gebrüder Thonet, Möbelhersteller Thonet Haus, auch bekannt als „Eisernes Haus“, an der Kärntner Straße 12 in Wien Thonethof in Budapest …   Deutsch Wikipedia

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