Porter, Katherine Anne

born May 15, 1890, Indian Creek, Texas, U.S.

died Sept. 18, 1980, Silver Spring, Md.

U.S. writer.

She worked as a journalist in Chicago and Denver, Colo., before leaving in 1920 for Mexico, the setting of several of her stories. Her collections include Flowering Judas (1930), her first and most popular; Pale Horse, Pale Rider (1939), a set of three novellas; and Collected Short Stories (1965, Pulitzer Prize, National Book Award). Her stories have a richness of texture and complexity of character delineation usually achieved only in the novel. Ship of Fools (1962) is her only novel.

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▪ American author

born , May 15, 1890, Indian Creek, Texas, U.S.

died Sept. 18, 1980, Silver Spring, Md.

      American novelist and short-story writer, a master stylist whose long short stories have a richness of texture and complexity of character delineation usually achieved only in the novel.

      Porter was educated at private and convent schools in the South. She worked as a newspaperwoman in Chicago and in Denver, Colorado, before leaving in 1920 for Mexico, the scene of several of her stories. “Maria Concepcion,” her first published story (1922), was included in her first book of stories, Flowering Judas (1930), which was enlarged in 1935 with other stories.

      The title story of her next collection, Pale Horse, Pale Rider (1939), is a poignant tale of youthful romance brutally thwarted by the young man's death in the influenza epidemic of 1919. In it and the two other stories of the volume, “Noon Wine” and “Old Mortality,” appears for the first time her semiautobiographical heroine, Miranda, a spirited and independent woman.

      Porter's reputation was firmly established, but none of her books sold widely, and she supported herself primarily through fellowships, by working occasionally as an uncredited screenwriter in Hollywood, and by serving as writer-in-residence at a succession of colleges and universities. She published The Leaning Tower (1944), a collection of stories, and won an O. Henry Award for her 1962 story, “Holiday.” The literary world awaited with great anticipation the appearance of Porter's only full-length novel, on which she had been working since 1941.

      With the publication of Ship of Fools in 1962, Porter won a large readership for the first time. A best-seller that became a major film in 1965, it tells of the ocean voyage of a group of Germans back to their homeland from Mexico in 1931, on the eve of Hitler's ascendency. Porter's carefully crafted, ironic style is perfectly suited to the allegorical exploration of the collusion of good and evil that is her theme, and the penetrating psychological insight that had always marked her work is evident in the book.

      Porter's Collected Short Stories (1965) won the National Book Award and the Pulitzer Prize for fiction. Her essays, articles, and book reviews were collected in The Days Before (1952; augmented 1970). Her last work, published in 1977, when she suffered a disabling stroke, was The Never-Ending Wrong, dealing with the Sacco-Vanzetti case of the 1920s.

Additional Reading

Biographies include Joan Givner, Katherine Anne Porter, rev. ed. (1991); and Janis P. Stout, Katherine Anne Porter: A Sense of the Times (1995). Willene Hendrick and George Hendrick, Katherine Anne Porter, rev. ed. (1988); and Robert H. Brinkmeyer, Jr., Katherine Anne Porter's Artistic Development (1993), provide analyses of her work.

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