Hünkâr İskelesi, Treaty of
- Hünkâr İskelesi, Treaty of
-
(1833) Alliance between the Ottoman Empire and Russia, signed at the village of Hünkâr İskelesi (Unkiar Skelessi), near Istanbul.
In return for Russian military aid, the Ottoman sultan, Mahmud II, agreed to a secret article in their mutual defense treaty that closed the Dardanelles Strait to any foreign vessels of war except those of Russia. The treaty made the Ottoman Empire a virtual protectorate of Russia. When other countries became suspicious of the agreement, Russia abandoned its Dardanelles privileges in 1841.
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▪ Ottoman Empire-Russia [1833]
Hünkâr İskelesi also spelled Unkiar Skelessi
(July 8, 1833), defensive alliance signed between the
Ottoman Empire and Russia at the village of Hünkâr İskelesi, near Istanbul, by which the Ottoman Empire became a virtual protectorate of Russia.
Facing defeat by the insurgent
Muḥammad ʿAlī Pasha of Egypt, the Ottoman sultan
Mahmud II, after his requests for assistance had been rejected by Austria,
Great Britain, and
France, accepted Russian military aid early in 1833. In return he concluded, at the village of Hünkâr İskelesi, near Istanbul (
Constantinople), an eight-year treaty that proclaimed peace and friendship between the two nations and a commitment to reach a mutual agreement on all matters relating to peace and security and to give each other assistance. The real significance of the treaty, however, lay in a secret article that limited Ottoman aid to Russia to the closing of the Strait of the
Dardanelles to “any foreign vessels of war” except those of Russia. The treaty aroused the suspicion of other powers, particularly Great Britain; Russia abandoned the Dardanelles privileges when it signed the London Straits Convention of 1841.
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Universalium.
2010.
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