Fang Lizhi

Fang Lizhi
born Feb. 12, 1936, Beijing, China

Chinese astrophysicist and dissident held partially responsible for the 1989 student rebellion in Tiananmen Square.

In 1957 he was expelled from the Chinese Communist Party for a paper decrying the Marxist position on physics. He later taught at Beijing's University of Science and Technology (Keda); in 1966 he was sent to a communal farm to be reeducated. After the death of Mao Zedong in 1976, Fang's party membership was restored. Appointed a vice president of one branch of Keda in 1985, he began work on restructuring it and reforming educational policy. During the demonstrations in Tiananmen Square he took refuge in the U.S. embassy, and in 1990 he and his wife were allowed to leave China. He subsequently conducted research in Britain and the U.S.

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▪ Chinese astrophysicist and dissident
born Feb. 12, 1936, Beijing, China

      Chinese astrophysicist and dissident who was held by the Chinese leadership to be partially responsible for the 1989 student rebellion in Tiananmen Square.

      Fang attended Peking University in Beijing (1952–56) and won a position at the Chinese Academy of Sciences' Institute of Modern Physics Research. In 1957 he was publicly rebuked and expelled from the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) for a paper he wrote decrying the Marxist position on physics and calling for a reform of the educational system. He helped to establish a physics department at the University of Science and Technology of China (known as Keda) in Beijing, and he continued his research on solid-state and laser physics while teaching electromagnetics and quantum mechanics. In 1966, at the start of the Cultural Revolution, he was confined for a year and then sent to a communal farm to be “reeducated.” During this period he was isolated from the scientific community, and he redirected his field of study to cosmology. Released in 1969 to teach, Fang was forced to publish his work under a pseudonym.

      At the start of the post-Mao era, Fang's party membership was restored, and he was allowed to attend conferences outside China for the first time. He contributed research on a number of subjects in astrophysics and won much acclaim for his work. In 1984 Fang was appointed a vice president of the Keda, which had been moved to Hefei, capital city of Anhui province, in the early 1970s. He began to work on restructuring the university and reforming educational policy. His outspoken criticisms were somewhat encouraged until students began to participate in demonstrations; Fang was one of those held responsible and was transferred to the Beijing Observatory. He was once more expelled from the CCP early in 1987. When in April 1989 student demonstrations in Tiananmen Square received international attention, Fang again was held responsible, and he took refuge in the U.S. embassy after government troops crushed the protests in early June. He and his wife remained at the embassy until June 1990, when they were allowed to leave the country.

      Fang subsequently conducted research at universities in Great Britain and the United States. A collection of his writings and speeches, Bringing Down the Great Wall: Writings on Science, Culture, and Democracy in China, was published in 1991.

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Universalium. 2010.

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  • Fang lizhi — est un nom asiatique ; le nom de famille, Fang, précède donc le prénom. Fang Lizhi (pinyin: Fāng Lìzhī ) est né le 12 février 1936 à Beijing [1] ou à Guangzhou (Canton) [2]. Sommaire 1 …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Fang Lizhi — Saltar a navegación, búsqueda Archivo:Lizhi Fang.jpg Fang Lizhi (Pekín, China, 12 de febrero de 1936) es un astrofísico y disidente chino parcialmente responsable de las protestas de la Plaza de Tian anmen de 1989. En 1957 fue expulsado del… …   Wikipedia Español

  • Fang Lizhi — (zh cp|c=方励之|p=Fāng Lìzhī born February 12, 1936) was a professor of astrophysics and vice president of the University of Science and Technology of China whose liberal ideas inspired the pro democracy student movement of 1986 87 and, finally, the …   Wikipedia

  • Fang Lizhi — Fāng Lìzhī (方励之) (* 12. Februar 1936) ist ein chinesischer Wissenschaftler und war Professor für Astrophysik an der Universität für Wissenschaft und Technologie in Hefei, Provinz Anhui. Er war einer der Ideengeber zu den Studentenprotesten, die… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Fang Lizhi — Dans ce nom asiatique, le nom de famille, Fang, précède le prénom. Fang Lizhi Fang Lizhi (pinyin : Fāng Lìzhī), né le 12 février 1936 à Pékin[1] ou à Guangzhou …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Fang Lizhi — (n. 12 feb. 1936, Beijing, China). Astrofísico y disidente chino, considerado en parte responsable de la rebelión estudiantil de 1989 en la plaza de Tiananmen. En 1957 fue expulsado del Partido Comunista Chino (PCCh) por un documento en el que… …   Enciclopedia Universal

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  • Tiananmen Square protests of 1989 — Tiananmen Square as seen from the Tiananmen Gate in 2004. The Tiananmen Square protests of 1989, also known as the June Fourth Incident in Chinese[1] (in part to avoid confusion with two prior Tiananmen Square protests), were a series o …   Wikipedia

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