Bibliothèque Nationale de France

Bibliothèque Nationale de France
Most important library in France and one of the oldest in the world.

The nation's first royal library, the Bibliothèque du Roi ("King's Library"), was established under Charles V (r. 1364–80) but later dispersed; another was established under Louis XI (r. 1461–83). From 1537 the library received a copy of every French publication. It was moved from Fontainebleau to Paris in the late 16th century and opened to the public in 1692. It acquired its current name in 1795, and its collection was expanded through Revolutionary appropriations and Napoleon's acquisitions. In 1995 it moved to a new facility with a controversial design; this facility now houses all its books (more than 12 million), periodicals, and magazines.

* * *

      (French: “National Library of France”), most important library in France and one of the oldest in the world, located in Paris.

      France's first royal library, the Bibliothèque du Roi (“King's Library”), dated from the reign of Charles V (1364–80), who installed 1,200 manuscripts in the Louvre. This library was dispersed, but under Louis XI (reigned 1461–83) another was created. In 1544 Francis I moved the library to Fontainebleau, and from 1537 it received a copy of every French publication. The library was moved to Paris between 1567 and 1593, and the first real catalog of its holdings was compiled in 1622. First opened to the public in 1692, the library was moved to the Mazarin Palace in the rue de Richelieu in 1721 and underwent successive expansions thereafter.

      The library was renamed the Bibliothèque Nationale in 1795, and it benefited by the Revolutionary confiscations of church and parish book collections and later by Napoleon's acquisitions. The collections, which were estimated at about 300,000 volumes at the outbreak of the Revolution, had more than doubled by 1818. During the 19th century, the administrator Léopold-Victor Delisle organized the library's extensive and valuable collection of manuscripts. In 1926 the Bibliothèque Nationale entered a consortium of Parisian libraries that, by the late 20th century, included the Arsenal Library and the libraries of the Opéra and of the National Conservatory of Music.

      By the late 20th century the old complex of buildings in the rue de Richelieu could no longer accommodate the continuing expansion of the collections. A new library designed by Dominique Perrault was completed along the Seine River in 1995 and opened the following year. Its controversial facility consists of four 22-story, L-shaped glass skyscrapers grouped around an open square. These new structures house all of the Bibliothèque's books and periodicals and magazines, with a total of more than 12,000,000 printed books.

      The Bibliothèque Nationale de France acquires a copy of every publication printed in France (copyright deposit) and publishes the Bibliographie de la France. Its foreign acquisitions emphasize the humanities. The library also has some 180,000 manuscripts, an enormous collection of prints, and collections of maps, drawings and paintings, sheet music, phonograph records, and medals and antiques.

* * *


Universalium. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Нужно сделать НИР?

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Bibliotheque nationale de France — Bibliothèque nationale de France Pour les articles homonymes, voir BnF. Le logo de la Bibliothèque nationale de France arbore une sorte d accolade ouvrante …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Bibliothèque Nationale De France — Pour les articles homonymes, voir BnF. Le logo de la Bibliothèque nationale de France arbore une sorte d accolade ouvrante …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Bibliothèque Nationale de France — Pour les articles homonymes, voir BnF. Le logo de la Bibliothèque nationale de France arbore une sorte d accolade ouvrante …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Bibliothèque nationale de france — Pour les articles homonymes, voir BnF. Le logo de la Bibliothèque nationale de France arbore une sorte d accolade ouvrante …   Wikipédia en Français

  • BIBLIOTHÈQUE NATIONALE DE FRANCE — La Bibliothèque du roi, qui est à l’origine de la Bibliothèque nationale, rebaptisée Bibliothèque nationale de France en 1994, apparut à la Renaissance. Charles VIII en amorça la création lorsqu’il joignit aux manuscrits de ses parents des… …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • Bibliothèque Nationale de France —   [bibliɔ tɛk nasjɔ nal de frãs], die französische Nationalbibliothek in Paris; umfasst die bisherige Bibliothèque Nationale und die neu erbaute, 1995 eingeweihte Bibliothek, die alle Neuerscheinungen nach dem 1. 1. 1945 aufnehmen soll; bis 1996… …   Universal-Lexikon

  • Bibliothèque nationale de France — Pour les articles homonymes, voir BNF. Bibliothèque nationale de France Le logo de la bibliothèque nationale de France arbore une sorte d’accolade ouvrante …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Bibliothèque nationale de France — Alte Bibliothèque Nationale de France (site Richelieu Louvois): der Ehrenhof Die Bibliothèque nationale de France (deutsch: Nationalbibliothek Frankreichs) oder BnF ist eine öffentlich rechtliche Anstalt mit Sitz in Paris unter der Schirmherrs …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Bibliothèque Nationale de France — Dieser Artikel oder Abschnitt bedarf einer Überarbeitung. Näheres ist auf der Diskussionsseite angegeben. Hilf mit, ihn zu verbessern, und entferne anschließend diese Markierung …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Bibliothèque nationale de France — Gallica redirects here. For other uses, see Gallica (disambiguation). Bibliothèque nationale de France Established 1792[1] …   Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”