taille

taille
/tayl/; Fr. /tah"yeu/, n., pl. tailles /taylz/; Fr. /tah"yeu/.
1. French Hist. a tax that was levied by a king or seigneur on his subjects or on lands held under him and that became solely a royal tax in the 15th century from which the lords and later the clergy were exempt.
2. (in dressmaking) the waist or bodice of a garment.
3. Obs. the shape of one's body from shoulders to waist; figure; build.
[1545-55; < F: lit., a cutting; see TAIL2]

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▪ French history
      the most important direct tax of the pre-Revolutionary monarchy in France. Its unequal distribution, with clergy and nobles exempt, made it one of the hated institutions of the ancien régime.

      The taille originated in the early Middle Ages as an arbitrary exaction from peasants. Often commuted or renounced after 1150, it was revived in regulated forms in the later Middle Ages. During the Hundred Years' War (1337–1453), the king's seigneurial taille, raised from his domain, was extended throughout France to meet expenses, and it developed into the royal taille. Since the taille was a monetary equivalent for military service, the nobility who fought and the clergy who were exempt from fighting did not pay, so that the tax fell on nonprivileged persons and lands. Under Charles VII (ruled 1422–61) the collection of the taille was formally organized and made permanent and exclusively royal. The taille had become an indispensable source of royal revenue and continued to be collected by the French kings until the Revolution at an ever increasing rate.

      The taille was collected by two methods. In the districts of the taille personnelle (i.e., northern France) it was levied on an individual basis; in the districts of the taille réelle (Languedoc, Provence, Guyenne, Dauphiné) it was levied on nonprivileged land.

      By the 18th century the many exemptions to payment of the taille made it weigh more heavily on those who still were liable to pay it. Inhabitants of large towns, such as Paris and Lyon, did not have to pay, and an ever increasing number of judicial and financial offices carried with them the right of ennoblement, giving the holders the enviable social status of non-taillables.

      The taille was abolished with the Revolution of 1789.

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  • taille — [ taj ] n. f. • 1160; de tailler I ♦ A ♦ 1 ♦ Opération qui consiste à tailler (3o) qqch.; manière particulière de tailler; forme qu on donne à une chose en la taillant. ♢ Spécialt (1387) Taille des pierres. Pierre de taille, taillée. « Un gros… …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • taillé — taille [ taj ] n. f. • 1160; de tailler I ♦ A ♦ 1 ♦ Opération qui consiste à tailler (3o) qqch.; manière particulière de tailler; forme qu on donne à une chose en la taillant. ♢ Spécialt (1387) Taille des pierres. Pierre de taille, taillée. « Un… …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • taille — Taille. s. f. Le trenchant d une espée. En ce sens il n a guere d usage qu en cette phrase. Frapper d estoc & de taille, pour dire, Frapper de la pointe & du trenchant. Taille. s. f. La coupe, la maniere dont ou coupe certaines choses. La taille… …   Dictionnaire de l'Académie française

  • taille- — ⇒TAILLE , élém. de compos. Élém. issu d une forme du verbe tailler, entrant dans la constr. de subst. le plus souvent masc. V. taille crayon, taille douce, taille mer et aussi: taille anche, subst. masc. inv. Outil utilisé dans la fabrication des …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • taille — Taille, f. penac. Signifie tantost une coupeure faite avec fer, ou pierre trenchant, Sectura, Incisio. Et selon ce est le verbe Tailler, Incidere, Secare. En laquelle signification l Italien aussi dit, Tagliare. Ainsi dit on un coup de taille,… …   Thresor de la langue françoyse

  • taillé — taillé, ée (tâ llé, llée, ll mouillées) part. passé de tailler. 1°   Dont on a coupé, retranché quelque partie, pour lui donner quelque forme, l ajuster à quelque usage. •   Quel colosse de bronze et taillé doctement !, TRISTAN M. de Chrispe, I,… …   Dictionnaire de la Langue Française d'Émile Littré

  • Taille — was also a name used in the time of Johann Sebastian Bach for the Baroque cor anglais .The taille was a direct land tax on the French peasantry and non nobles in Ancien Régime France. The tax was imposed on each household and based on how much… …   Wikipedia

  • Taille — bezeichnet in der Regel die schmalste Stelle des Rumpfes. Sie tritt sowohl bei Insekten, wo sie zwischen Thorax und Abdomen liegt, als auch bei den meisten Wirbeltieren auf, wo sie sich zwischen Brustkorb und Hüfte befindet. Bei Frauen befindet… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Taille — Taille, n. [F. See {Tally}, {Tailor}.] 1. A tally; an account scored on a piece of wood. [Obs.] [1913 Webster] Whether that he paid or took by taille. Chaucer. [1913 Webster] 2. (O. F. Law) Any imposition levied by the king, or any other lord,… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Taille — Sf Gürtellinie std. (17. Jh.) Entlehnung. Entlehnt aus frz. taille, zu frz. tailler (nach einer Form) schneiden , dieses aus l. taliāre spalten . Gemeint ist zunächst der Schnitt eines Kleides, der dann eingeengt wird auf den Teil zwischen Rippen …   Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen sprache

  • taillé — Taillé, [taill]ée. participe. Il a les significations de son verbe. On appelle, Cotte mal taillée, Un arresté en gros sans compter ce qui peut appartenir à chacun, à la rigueur. Ils estoient en contestation sur plusieurs sommes respectivement… …   Dictionnaire de l'Académie française

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