suprasegmental

suprasegmental
/sooh'preuh seg men"tl/, adj.
1. above, beyond, or in addition to a segment.
2. Ling. pertaining to or noting features of speech, as stress, pitch, and length, that accompany individual consonants and vowels and may extend over more than one such segmental element; pertaining to junctural and prosodic features.
n.
3. a suprasegmental feature.
[1940-45; SUPRA- + SEGMENTAL]

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also called  Prosodic Feature,  

      in phonetics, a speech feature such as stress, tone, or word juncture that accompanies or is added over consonants and vowels; these features are not limited to single sounds but often extend over syllables, words, or phrases. In Spanish the stress accent is often used to distinguish between otherwise identical words: término means “term,” termíno means “I terminate,” and terminó means “he terminated.” In Mandarin Chinese, tone is a distinctive suprasegmental: shih pronounced on a high, level note means “to lose”; on a slight rising note means “ten”; on a falling note means “city, market”; and on a falling–rising note means “history.” English “beer dripped” and “beard ripped” are distinguished by word juncture.

      The above examples demonstrate functional suprasegmentals. Nonfunctional suprasegmentals that do not change the meaning of words or phrases also exist; stress in French is an example. Suprasegmentals are so called in contrast to consonants and vowels, which are treated as serially ordered segments of the spoken utterance.

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Universalium. 2010.

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  • suprasegmental — suprasegmental, ale, aux [ syprasɛgmɑ̃tal, o ] adj. • v. 1960; de supra et segmental, d apr. l angl. ♦ Ling. Se dit d une caractéristique phonique affectant des unités plus longues que le segment. L intonation, l accent et la durée sont des… …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • Suprasegmental — Suprasegmental, también conocido como prosódica, es una característica del habla que afecta a un segmento más largo que el fonema, tales como el acento, la entonación, el ritmo, la duración y otros. El término suprasegmental implica la existencia …   Wikipedia Español

  • Suprasegmental — wird in der Linguistik etwas genannt, was von der Zergliederung (Segmentierung) einer sprachlichen Äußerung in kleinere sprachliche Einheiten (wie Silben, Morpheme und Phoneme) nicht erfasst wird, weil es laut , silben , morphem etc. übergreifend …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • suprasegmental — suprasegmental. adj. Fon. Se dice del elemento que afecta a más de un fonema y que no puede segmentarse en unidades menores, como el acento, la entonación o el ritmo …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • suprasegmental — adj. Fon. Se dice del elemento que afecta a más de un fonema y que no puede segmentarse en unidades menores, como el acento, la entonación o el ritmo …   Diccionario de la lengua española

  • suprasegmental — 1. noun An effect on speech, such as length, stress, tone, and aspiration, that extends over more than one segment of sounds. 2. adjective a) Of or relating to a suprasegmental …   Wiktionary

  • suprasegmental — su•pra•seg•men•tal [[t]ˌsu prə sɛgˈmɛn tl[/t]] adj. 1) above, beyond, or in addition to a segment 2) phn of or pertaining to features of speech, as stress and pitch, that accompany individual speech sounds and may extend over more than one such… …   From formal English to slang

  • suprasegmental phonemes — [so͞o΄prəseg ment′ l] n. phonemes or features of speech, as pitch, stress, and juncture, that may extend over and modify series of SEGMENTAL PHONEMES * * * …   Universalium

  • suprasegmental phonemes — [so͞o΄prəseg ment′ l] n. phonemes or features of speech, as pitch, stress, and juncture, that may extend over and modify series of SEGMENTAL PHONEMES …   English World dictionary

  • suprasegmental — adjective Date: 1941 of or relating to significant features (as stress, pitch, or juncture) that occur simultaneously with vowels and consonants in an utterance …   New Collegiate Dictionary

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