phosgene

phosgene
/fos"jeen, foz"-/, n. Chem.
a poisonous, colorless, very volatile liquid or suffocating gas, COCl2, a chemical-warfare compound: used chiefly in organic synthesis. Also called carbon oxychloride, carbonyl chloride, chloroformyl chloride.
[1805-15; < Gk phôs light (contr. of pháos) + -genes -GEN]

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Colorless, highly toxic gas used in chemical warfare as well as in industrial processes including the making of dyestuffs and polyurethane resins.

Either alone or in combination with chlorine, it was used against troops in World War I. It smells like musty hay. Inhalation causes severe lung injury several hours after exposure. First prepared in 1811, it is manufactured by the reaction of carbon monoxide and chlorine in the presence of a catalyst. Gaseous phosgene is usually stored and transported as a liquid under pressure in steel cylinders or as a solution in toluene. Mixed with water, it forms carbon dioxide and hydrochloric acid.

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also called  carbonyl chloride 

      a colourless, chemically reactive, highly toxic gas having an odour like that of musty hay, used in making organic chemicals, dyestuffs, polycarbonate resins, and isocyanates for making polyurethane resins. It first came into prominence during World War I, when it was used, either alone or mixed with chlorine, against troops. Inhalation causes severe lung injury, the full effects appearing several hours after exposure.

      First prepared in 1811, phosgene is manufactured by the reaction of carbon monoxide and chlorine in the presence of a catalyst. It can be formed by the thermal decomposition of chlorinated hydrocarbons; e.g., when carbon tetrachloride (q.v.) is used as a fire extinguisher. Gaseous phosgene, which has a density about three and one-half times that of air, liquefies at a temperature of 8.2° C (46.8° F); it is usually stored and transported as the liquid under pressure in steel cylinders or as a solution in toluene. With water, phosgene reacts to form carbon dioxide and hydrochloric acid.

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Look at other dictionaries:

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  • phosgène — [ fɔsʒɛn ] n. m. • 1823; du gr. phôs « lumière » et gène ♦ Chim. Gaz incolore, très toxique, obtenu par la combinaison du chlore et de l oxyde de carbone (COCl2). ● phosgène nom masculin (du grec phôs, lumière) Dénomination courante du chlorure… …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • Phosgene — Phos gene, a. [Gr. fw^s light + the root of gi gnesqai to be born: cf. F. phosg[ e]ne.] (Old Chem.) Producing, or produced by, the action of light; used specifically to designate a gas also called {carbonyl chloride}. See {Carbonyl}. [1913… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • phosgene — phos gene (f[o^]s j[=e]n or f[o^]z j[=e]n), n. (Chem.) A reactive chemical substance ({COCl2}), also called {carbonyl choride}, used in synthesis of numerous substances. In the First Worlds War it was also used as a poisonous gas in combat. [PJC] …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • phosgene — [fäs′jēn΄] n. [so named (1812) by Sir Humphry Davy < Gr phōs, light (see PHOSPHORUS) + gene, GEN] a colorless, volatile, highly poisonous liquid, COCl2, prepared by the reaction of carbon monoxide with chlorine in the presence of activated… …   English World dictionary

  • Phosgene — Not to be confused with phosphine, oxalyl chloride, or phosgene oxime. Phosgene[1] …   Wikipedia

  • Phosgène — Dichlorure de méthanoyle Phosgène Général Nom IUPAC Dichlorure de méthanoyle …   Wikipédia en Français

  • phosgene — Carbonyl Car bon*yl, n. [Carbon + yl.] (Chem.) The radical {(CO) }, occuring, always combined, in many compounds, as the aldehydes, the ketones, urea, carbonyl chloride, etc. [1913 Webster] Note: Though denoted by a formula identical with that of …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • phosgène — (fos jè n ) adj. m. Terme de chimie. Le gaz phosgène, le gaz oxychloride carbonique, ainsi dit parce qu il résulte de l action des rayons solaires sur un mélange à parties égales de gaz chlore et de gaz oxyde de carbone. ÉTYMOLOGIE    Du grec,… …   Dictionnaire de la Langue Française d'Émile Littré

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