osteomyelitis

osteomyelitis
/os'tee oh muy'euh luy"tis/, n. Pathol.
an inflammation of the bone and bone marrow, usually caused by bacterial infection.
[1850-55; OSTEO- + MYELITIS]

* * *

 infection of bone tissue. The condition is most commonly caused by the infectious organism Staphylococcus aureus, which reaches the bone via the bloodstream or by extension from a local injury; inflammation follows with destruction of the cancellous (porous) bone and marrow, loss of blood supply, and bone death. Living bone grows around the infected area and walls in the dead tissue, forming an involucrum, the contents of which are gradually resorbed as the lesion is repaired. Symptoms include fever, chills, and bone pain; later, swelling and redness may develop around the area of infection. Diagnosis is confirmed by radionuclide bone scans. The precise cause of the infection is determined by cultures of the blood and bone. Treatment of osteomyelitis requires the long-term administration of intravenous antibiotics; some patients also require surgery to remove dead bone tissue. If the disease is not treated appropriately, acute osteomyelitis can progress to a chronic disease. In chronic osteomyelitis, infection remains active, and periodic drainage to the surface via sinus tracts may occur. Bone damage may be extensive, possibly requiring amputation of the affected limb.

      Osteomyelitis may occur as a complication of many diseases, such as typhoid (typhoid fever), syphilis, tuberculosis, or sickle cell anemia. In the middle-aged, spinal osteomyelitis may be associated with urinary bladder infection. Intravenous drug use may also cause osteomyelitis.

* * *


Universalium. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Нужно решить контрольную?

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Osteomyelitis — Classification and external resources Osteomyelitis of the tibia of a young child. Numerous abscesses in the bone show as radiolucency. ICD 10 …   Wikipedia

  • Osteomyelītis — (griech.), soviel wie Knochenmarkentzündung …   Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon

  • osteomyelitis — [äs΄tē ōmī΄ə līt′is] n. [ModL: see OSTEO & MYELITIS] infection of bone marrow or bone structures, usually caused by a bacterium (genus Staphylococcus) that produces pus …   English World dictionary

  • Osteomyelitis — Die Osteomyelitis (Mehrzahl Osteomyelitiden; von altgriechisch ὀστέον, ostéon, Mehrzahl ὀστέα ostéa, „Knochen“ [vergleiche lateinisch anatomisch os, ossis], griechisch μυελός, myelós, „Mark“ und itis) ist eine infektiöse Entzündung des… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Osteomyelitis — Inflammation of the bone due to infection, for example by the bacteria salmonella or staphylococcus. Osteomyelitis is sometimes a complication of surgery or injury, although infection can also reach bone tissue through the bloodstream. Both the… …   Medical dictionary

  • osteomyelitis — n. inflammation of bone due to infection. Acute osteomyelitis occurs when bacteria enter the bone via the bloodstream and is more common in children. There is severe pain, tenderness, and redness over the involved bone, accompanied by general… …   The new mediacal dictionary

  • Osteomyelitis — Entzündung des Knochenmarks * * * Os|teo|my|e|li|tis 〈f.; , ti|den; Med.〉 Knochenmarkentzündung * * * Osteomyelitis   [zu griechisch myelós »Mark«] die, /... tiden, die Knochenmarkentzündung. * * * Os|teo|my|e|li|tis, die; , ...iti …   Universal-Lexikon

  • osteomyelitis — Inflammation of the bone caused by an infection, which may spread to the bone marrow and tissues near the bone. Osteomyelitis can cause severe pain in the infected bone. If it is not treated, it can kill bone tissue …   English dictionary of cancer terms

  • osteomyelitis — noun Etymology: New Latin Date: 1854 an infectious usually painful inflammatory disease of bone often of bacterial origin that may result in the death of bone tissue …   New Collegiate Dictionary

  • osteomyelitis — Inflammation of bone marrow caused by infection …   Dictionary of molecular biology

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”