Magnus effect

Magnus effect
/mag"neuhs/, Mech.
the thrust on a cylinder rotating about its axis while in motion in a fluid, the thrust being perpendicular to the relative motion of the cylinder in the fluid.
[1920-25; after Heinrich G. Magnus (1802-70), German scientist]

* * *

Generation of a sidewise force on a spinning cylindrical or spherical solid immersed in a fluid (liquid or gas) when there is relative motion between the spinning body and the fluid.

Named after Heinrich Gustav Magnus (1802–1870), who first investigated the effect experimentally in 1853, it is responsible for the curved trajectory of a tennis or golf ball and affects the path of an artillery shell.

* * *

      generation of a sidewise force on a spinning cylindrical or spherical solid immersed in a fluid (liquid or gas) when there is relative motion between the spinning body and the fluid. Named after the German physicist and chemist H.G. Magnus, who first (1853) experimentally investigated the effect, it is responsible for the “curve” of a served tennis ball or a driven golf ball and affects the trajectory of a spinning artillery shell.

      A spinning object moving through a fluid departs from its straight path because of pressure differences that develop in the fluid as a result of velocity changes induced by the spinning body. The Magnus effect is a particular manifestation of Bernoulli's theorem: fluid pressure decreases at points where the speed of the fluid increases. In the case of a ball spinning through the air, the turning ball drags some of the air around with it. Viewed from the position of the ball, the air is rushing by on all sides. The drag of the side of the ball turning into the air (into the direction the ball is traveling) retards the airflow, whereas on the other side the drag speeds up the airflow. Greater pressure on the side where the airflow is slowed down forces the ball in the direction of the low-pressure region on the opposite side, where a relative increase in airflow occurs. See Bernoulli's theorem; fluid mechanics.

* * *


Universalium. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Нужна курсовая?

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Magnus effect — The Magnus effect, demonstrated on a ball. v represents the wind velocity, the arrow F the resulting force towards the side of lower pressure. The Magnus effect is the phenomenon whereby a spinning object flying in a fluid creates a whirlpool of… …   Wikipedia

  • Magnus effect — Magnuso reiškinys statusas T sritis fizika atitikmenys: angl. Magnus effect vok. Magnus Effekt, m rus. эффект Магнуса, m; явление Магнуса, n pranc. effet Magnus, m …   Fizikos terminų žodynas

  • Magnus effect — The effect on a spinning cylinder or sphere moving through the fluid, in which a force acts perpendicular to the direction of the spin. As applied to aeronautics in experimental wing forms, the Magnus theory states that if air is directed against …   Aviation dictionary

  • magnus effect — ˈmagnəs , ˈmaignəs noun Usage: usually capitalized M Etymology: after Heinrich G. Magnus died 1870 German chemist and physicist : the sideways thrust on a rotating cylinder placed with its axis perpendicular to a current of air which has been… …   Useful english dictionary

  • Magnus (disambiguation) — Magnus is a given name and surname. Magnus may also refer to: Magnus (band), a Belgian band Magnus (novel), a fictionalised account of the life of Magnus Erlendsson by George Mackay Brown Magnus, a novel by Sylvie Germain and winner of the 2005… …   Wikipedia

  • MAGNUS, HEINRICH GUSTAV — (1802–1870), German chemist and physicist. Magnus, who was born in Berlin into a wealthy family, left Judaism. He began teaching at the University of Berlin in 1831. From 1845 to 1869 he was professor of physics and technology at Berlin, and in… …   Encyclopedia of Judaism

  • Magnus-Effekt — Der Magnus Effekt[1], benannt nach Heinrich Gustav Magnus (1802–1870), ist ein Phänomen der Strömungsmechanik, das die Querkraftwirkung (Kraft) bezeichnet, die ein rotierender runder Körper (Zylinder oder Kugel) in einer Strömung erfährt.… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Magnus — This article is about the given name and surname. For other uses, see Magnus (disambiguation). Magnus, meaning Great in Latin, was sometimes used as a first name among Romans but was not particularly common among them. The best known Roman… …   Wikipedia

  • Magnus — (as used in expressions) Flavius Magnus Aurelius Cassiodorus Carolus Magnus Charles the Great Albertus Magnus Saint Magnus effect Magnus II Eriksson Pompeius Magnus Pius Sextus Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus * * * …   Universalium

  • effect — effectible, adj. /i fekt /, n. 1. something that is produced by an agency or cause; result; consequence: Exposure to the sun had the effect of toughening his skin. 2. power to produce results; efficacy; force; validity; influence: His protest had …   Universalium

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”