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jongleur

Translation
jongleur
/jong"gleuhr/; Fr. /zhawonn gluerdd"/, n., pl. jongleurs /-gleuhrz/; Fr. /-gluerdd"/.
(in medieval France and Norman England) an itinerant minstrel or entertainer who sang songs, often of his own composition, and told stories. Cf. goliard.
[1755-65; < F; MF jougleur (perh. by misreading, ou being read on), OF jogleor < L joculator joker, equiv. to jocula(ri) to JOKE + -tor -TOR]

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Professional storyteller or public entertainer in medieval France.

His roles included those of musician, juggler, acrobat, and reciter of literary works. Jongleurs performed in marketplaces on public holidays, in abbeys, and in castles of nobles, who sometimes retained them in permanent employment. Jongleurs were most important in the 13th century; in the 14th century, the various facets of their role were taken over by other performers. See also goliard; trouvère.

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▪ French public entertainer
 professional storyteller or public entertainer in medieval France, often indistinguishable from the trouvère. The role of the jongleur included that of musician, juggler, and acrobat, as well as reciter of such literary works as the fabliaux, chansons de geste, lays, and other metrical romances that were sometimes of his own composition. Jongleurs performed in marketplaces on public holidays, in abbeys, and in castles of nobles, who sometimes retained them in permanent employment. In such a case the jongleur became known as a ménestrel (minstrel) and devoted more of his time to literary creation than to entertainment. Fraternities of jongleurs became known as puys, groups that held competitions for lyric poets. The jongleur reached the height of his importance in the 13th century but lapsed into decline in the 14th, when various facets of his complex role disseminated among other performers—e.g., musicians, actors, and acrobats.

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Universalium. 2010.

  
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