guyot

guyot
/gee oh"/, n.
a flat-topped seamount, found chiefly in the Pacific Ocean.
[1945-50; named after Arnold H. Guyot (1807-84), Swiss-born American geologist and geographer]

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also called  Tablemount,  

      isolated submarine volcanic mountain with a flat summit more than 200 m (660 feet) below sea level. Such flat tops may have diameters greater than 10 km (6 miles). (The term derives from the Swiss-American geologist Arnold Henry Guyot.)

      In the Pacific Ocean, where guyots are most abundant, most summits lie 1,000 to 2,000 m (3,300 to 6,600 feet) below sea level. Their sides, like those of other submarine volcanoes and volcanic islands, are slightly concave, rising gently from the surrounding deep-sea floor and steepening to about 20° at their summits.

      Fossil corals with a maximum depth tolerance of only 150 m (500 feet), along with rounded volcanic cobbles and boulders, have been dredged from the tops of guyots. These data indicate that guyots originate as volcanic islands at the shallow crests of mid-oceanic ridges and rises. During and immediately after their formation, the islands are truncated by wave erosion. According to the generally accepted theory of seafloor spreading (seafloor spreading hypothesis), the seafloor migrates laterally away from the ridge or rise crests at rates of several centimetres per year. As the seafloor is propagated away from the crests, it also sinks; thus, guyots become more deeply submerged with time.

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Universalium. 2010.

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Look at other dictionaries:

  • guyot — guyot …   Dictionnaire des rimes

  • guyot — s.n. (geol.) Relief submarin de origine vulcanică, în formă de trunchi de con cu secţiune ovală, care se ridică izolat pe fundul oceanului. [< fr., engl. guyot, cf. Guyot – geolog american]. Trimis de LauraGellner, 20.04.2005. Sursa: DN … …   Dicționar Român

  • Guyot —   [gɥi jo; nach dem schweizerisch amerikanischen Geologen Arnold Henry Guyot, * 1807, ✝ 1884], untermeerische Kuppe vulkanischer Entstehung, mit ebenem Gipfelplateau, z. B. die Große Meteorbank.   * * * Gu|yot [gy̆i jo:], der; s, s [nach dem… …   Universal-Lexikon

  • guyot — flat topped submarine mountain, 1946, named for Swiss geographer/geologist Arnold Guyot (1807 1884) …   Etymology dictionary

  • guyot — ☆ guyot [gē′ō΄, gē ō′ ] n. [after A. H. Guyot (1807 84), U.S. geologist] a flat topped, steeply rising seamount; tablemount …   English World dictionary

  • Guyot — Guyot, Heinrich Daniel, geb. 1753 in Trois Fontaines bei Mastricht, wurde 1776 Pfarrer in Dordrecht u. 1781 in Gröningen, erhielt hier 1801 auch die Inspection der Schulen. Schon 1790 gründete er eine Taubstummenanstalt u. legte 1809 sein… …   Pierer's Universal-Lexikon

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