You can mark you interesting snippets of text that will be available through a unique link in your browser.


European Community

Translation
European Community
1. an association of W European countries that includes the European Atomic Energy Community (Euratom), the European Economic Community, the European Parliament, and allied organizations. Abbr.: EC

* * *

▪ European economic association
formerly (until November 1, 1993)  European Economic Community (EEC) , byname  Common Market  

      association designed to integrate the economies of Europe. The term also commonly refers to the “European Communities,” which comprise the EC, the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC), and the European Atomic Energy Community (Euratom). The EC is the principal component of the European Union (EU).

      The EEC was created in 1957 by the Treaty of Rome (Rome, Treaties of), which was signed by Belgium, France, Italy, Luxembourg, The Netherlands (Netherlands, The), and West Germany (Germany). The United Kingdom, Denmark, and Ireland joined in 1973, followed by Greece in 1981 and Portugal and Spain in 1986. The former East Germany was admitted as part of reunified Germany in 1990. Austria, Finland, and Sweden joined in 1995.

      The EEC was designed to create a common market among its members through the elimination of most trade barriers and the establishment of a common external trade policy. The treaty also provided for a common agricultural policy, which was established in 1962 to protect EEC farmers from agricultural imports. The first reduction in EEC internal tariffs was implemented in January 1959, and by July 1968 all internal tariffs had been removed. Between 1958 and 1968 trade among the EEC's members quadrupled in value.

      Politically, the EEC aimed to reduce tensions in the aftermath of World War II. In particular, it was hoped that integration would promote a lasting reconciliation of France and Germany, thereby reducing the potential for war. EEC governance required political cooperation among its members through formal supranational institutions. These institutions included the Commission, which formulated and administered EEC policies; the Council of Ministers, which enacted legislation; the European Parliament, originally a strictly consultative body whose members were delegates from national parliaments (later they would be directly elected); and the European Court of Justice, which interpreted community law and arbitrated legal disputes.

      The European Communities came into existence on July 1, 1967, with the merging of the EEC, the ECSC, and Euratom. Since then members have revamped the organization several times in order to expand its policy-making powers and to revise its political structure. Through the Single European Act, which entered into force in 1987, EEC members committed themselves to remove all remaining barriers to a common market by 1992. The act also gave the EEC formal control of community policies on the environment, research and technology, education, health, consumer protection, and other areas.

      By the Maastricht Treaty (formally known as the Treaty on European Union; 1991), which went into force on November 1, 1993, the European Economic Community was renamed the European Community and embedded into the EU. The treaty also provided the foundation for an economic and monetary union, which included the creation of a single currency. The Amsterdam Treaty, which entered into force in 1999, gave the EC jurisdiction over immigration and asylum policies.

Matthew J. Gabel
 

* * *


Universalium. 2010.

  
Share  

Look at other dictionaries:

  • European Community — (EC) The part of the European Union which is the source of European legislation. The European Community consists of 27 member states: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary …   Law dictionary

  • European Community — The European Community (EC) is one of the three pillars of the European Union (EU) created under the Maastricht Treaty (1992). It is based upon the principle of supranationalism and has its origins in the European Economic Community, the… …   Wikipedia

  • European Community — орг. сокр. EC межд. эк. Европейское сообщество, ЕС (обычно термин относится к организации, которая была образована в 1967 г. на базе Европейского экономического сообщества, Европейского объединения угля и стали и Евратома, а в 1993 г. в… …   Англо-русский экономический словарь

  • European Community — geographical name see European Union …   New Collegiate Dictionary

  • European Community — (EC)   name for European Union prior to 1st November 1993 when the Maastrict Treaty of 1992 was ratified …   Geography glossary

  • European Community — Европейское сообщество …   Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь

  • european community — европейский сообщество …   Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь

  • European Community — 1) Общая лексика: ЕС, Европейское Сообщество (ЕЭС), Европейское Экономическое Сообщество (ЕЭС), Европейский Союз (ЕЭС; ЕС) 2) Экономика: еврочек 3) ЕБРР: Европейское сообщество …   Универсальный англо-русский словарь

  • European community — 1) Общая лексика: ЕС, Европейское Сообщество (ЕЭС), Европейское Экономическое Сообщество (ЕЭС), Европейский Союз (ЕЭС; ЕС) 2) Экономика: еврочек 3) ЕБРР: Европейское сообщество …   Универсальный англо-русский словарь

  • European Community — Abbreviation: EC …   Универсальный русско-английский словарь

Фильмы

  • A Great Act of Bravery., 1970 — About the heroic struggle and labor of the Soviet people during the Great Patriotic War (Soviet Peoples’ participation in World War II in 1941-1945).
  • A Large Day of Europe, 1975 — The film is about a meeting concerning security and cooperation in Europe held in the city of Helsinki.
  • In the Name of Peace, 1977 — Фильм по заказу Московской Патриархии рассказывает о работе Всемирной конференции руководителей церквей, общин, объединений, государственных и общественных деятелей в защиту мира под девизом "Религиозные деятели за прочный мир, разоружение и справедливое отношение между народами".