electromotive series

electromotive series
the classification of metals in the order of their electrode potentials. Also called electrochemical series.

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  listing of chemical species (atoms, molecules, and ions) in the order of their tendency to gain or lose electrons (be reduced or oxidized, respectively), expressed in volts and measured with reference to the hydrogen electrode, which is taken as a standard and arbitrarily assigned the voltage of zero. At the hydrogen electrode, an aqueous solution containing hydrogen in its oxidized form (the hydrogen ion, H+) at a concentration of one mole per litre is maintained at 25° C (77° F) in equilibrium with hydrogen in its reduced form (hydrogen gas, H2) at a pressure of one atmosphere. The reversible oxidation–reduction half reaction is expressed by the equation 2H+ + 2e- ⇌ H2, in which e- represents an electron. The electrode potentials of several elements are shown in the Table—>. Conflicting conventions have been used for the signs of these potentials; those shown in the Table—> generally agree with the recommendations of an international conference in 1953.

      By subtracting one half reaction (and its potential) from another, the tendency of the resulting complete chemical reaction to occur may be determined; for example, the half reactions for copper and zinc may be combined to show that the reaction Cu2+ + Zn ⇌ Cu + Zn2+ has a potential of -1.10 volts. In conformity with the 1953 convention, the negative value of the voltage indicates that this reaction proceeds spontaneously from left to right as written; that is, metallic zinc dissolves in a solution of copper(II) ions to form metallic copper and to set free zinc(II) ions in the solution.

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Universalium. 2010.

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Look at other dictionaries:

  • electromotive series — noun a serial arrangement of metallic elements or ions according to their electrode potentials determined under specified conditions; the order shows the tendency of one metal to reduce the ions of any other metal below it in the series • Syn:… …   Useful english dictionary

  • electromotive series — elektrocheminių įtampų eilė statusas T sritis Standartizacija ir metrologija apibrėžtis Cheminių elementų eilė, sudaryta pagal standartinio elektrocheminio potencialo vertes. atitikmenys: angl. electrochemical series; electromotive series;… …   Penkiakalbis aiškinamasis metrologijos terminų žodynas

  • electromotive series — elektrocheminė įtampų eilė statusas T sritis chemija apibrėžtis Cheminių elementų eilė, sudaryta pagal standartinio elektrocheminio potencialo vertes. atitikmenys: angl. electrochemical series; electromotive series; galvanic series; redox series… …   Chemijos terminų aiškinamasis žodynas

  • electromotive series — /əˌlɛktroʊmoʊtɪv ˈsɪəriz/ (say uh.lektrohmohtiv searreez) noun a classification of metals (with hydrogen also included) in the order in which they will replace each other from their salts; activity series. Also, electrochemical series …  

  • Electromotive series — (электрохимический) ряд напряжений …   Краткий толковый словарь по полиграфии

  • Volta electromotive series — Voltos seka statusas T sritis fizika atitikmenys: angl. Volta electromotive series; Volta series; voltaic series vok. Voltaische Spannungsreihe, f rus. Вольтов ряд напряжений, m; Вольтов ряд потенциалов, m; ряд Вольты, m pranc. série des tensions …   Fizikos terminų žodynas

  • electromotive force series — noun a serial arrangement of metallic elements or ions according to their electrode potentials determined under specified conditions; the order shows the tendency of one metal to reduce the ions of any other metal below it in the series • Syn:… …   Useful english dictionary

  • Electromotive force — (emf, mathcal{E}) is a term used to characterize electrical devices, such as voltaic cells, thermoelectric devices, electrical generators and transformers, and even resistors. For a given device, if an electric charge Q passes through that device …   Wikipedia

  • Electromotive force series — Electromotive force series. См. Ряд электродвижущих сил. (Источник: «Металлы и сплавы. Справочник.» Под редакцией Ю.П. Солнцева; НПО Профессионал , НПО Мир и семья ; Санкт Петербург, 2003 г.) …   Словарь металлургических терминов

  • electrochemical series — noun a serial arrangement of metallic elements or ions according to their electrode potentials determined under specified conditions; the order shows the tendency of one metal to reduce the ions of any other metal below it in the series • Syn:… …   Useful english dictionary

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